TY - JOUR AU - Kadhim, Abbas PY - 2013/10/23 Y2 - 2024/03/29 TI - Iraqi Education in the Ottoman Era JF - Kufa Review (Discontinued) JA - Kufa Rev VL - 3 IS - 2 SE - English Section DO - UR - https://journal.uokufa.edu.iq/index.php/Kufa_Review/article/view/4544 SP - AB - <p>The Ottomans were following the Hanafi madhhab (school<br />of Jurisprudence).(1) But they became patrons to the followers<br />of all four Sunni schools granting them with financial support<br />to build mosques and schools. By contrast, their relation to<br />the Shi'a, who made a significant percentage of the population,<br />was very complex, ranging from the extreme hostility of Sultans<br />like Selim I to the relevant tolerance of Abdul Hamid II. The<br />Ottomans generally did not extend their patronage to the<br />Shi'a, leaving them dependent on Iranian financial support and<br />the donations of their wealthy individuals and, obviously, the<br />religiously mandated financial dues.</p> ER -