Phylogenetic Relationships among some Species of the Genus Hypericum (Hypericaceae) in Kurdistan-Rgeion Iraq
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36320/ajb/v15.i2.11989Keywords:
nrDNA ITS gene, 28SrRNA gene, Phylogenetic study, Hypericum, MP, and BI.Abstract
Phylogenetic hypotheses for the large cosmopolitan genus Hypericum (St. John’s wort) have previously been based on morphology, and molecular studies have thus far included only a few species. In this study, we used Eight taxa representing 2 sections of the genus Hypericum were analyzed along with one representatives of Thornea calcicola using nuclear internal transcribed spacer ITS and 28SrRNA sequences in order to assess the scope of phylogenetic relationships in this species-rich genus. The resulting parsimony analysis and Bayesian Inference corroborates the actual classification and interspecific affinities. The molecular data provide support for the monophyletic assemblage of the sections in both ITS and 28SrRNA regions trees shows four different clades with minimum changes between species location in both tree. We used Maximum Parsimony and Bayesian approach to reconstruct ancestral states of selected characters, which resulted in recognition of characters that support major clades within the genus Hypericum. The obtained results encourage the use of ITS and 28SrRNA sequence analysis in resolving the phylogenetic relationships within the member rich genus Hypericum. Our results differ somewhat from those of recent morphological and cytological studies. The phylogenetic relationships among Hypericum species have now been mostly resolved via 28SrRNA phylogeny.
Downloads
References
Wurdack, K.J. and C.C. Davis, Malpighiales phylogenetics: gaining ground on one of the most recalcitrant clades in the angiosperm tree of life. American Journal of Botany, 2009. 96(8): p. 1551-1570.
Stevens, P.F., Hypericaceae, in The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, K. Kubitzki, Editor. 2007, Springer: Heidelberg. p. 194–201.
Robson, N.K.B., Studies in the genus Hypericum L. (Guttiferae). 1. Infrageneric classification. Bull Br Mus Nat Hist (Bot), 1977. 5: p. 291–355.
Robson, N.K.B., Studies in the genus Hypericum L. (Guttiferae). 2. Characters of the genus. Bull Br Mus Nat Hist (Bot), 1981. 8: p. 55–226.
Spach, E., Hypericacearum monographiae fragmenta. Ann Sci Nat (Bot) II, 1836. 5: p. 157–176.
Spach, E., Conspectus monographiae Hypericacearum. Ann Sci Nat (Bot) II, 1836. 5: p. 346–369.
Jaubert, H.J., D.E. Comte, and E. Spach, Illustrationes plantarum orientalum 1. 1842–1843, Paris: Roret.
Engler, A., Guttiferae, in Die naturlichen Pflanzenfamilien, A. Engler and K. Prantl, Editors. 1925, Engelmann Verlag: Lepizig. p. 154–237.
Keller, R., Hypericum, in Die natu¨rlichen Pflanzenfamilien, A. Engler and K. Prantl, Editors. 1925, Engelmann Verlag: Lepizig. p. 175–183.
Kimura, Y., Hypericaceae, in Nova Flora Japonica 10, T. Nakai and M. Honda, Editors. 1951, Natural Science Museum: Tokio.
Robson, N.K.B., Hypericum botany, in Hypericum, E. Edzard, Editor. 2003, Taylor & Francis: London. p. 1–23.
Al-Mukhtar, J.A.H., Hypericum Plant. Directorate Plant. Bulletin No. 231. 1975, Baghdad, Iraq: Ministry of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform.
Gustafsson, M.H., V. Bittrich, and P.F. Stevens, Phylogeny of Clusiaceae based on rbc L sequences. nternational Journal of Plant Sciences, 2002. 163(6): p. 1045-1054.
Ruhfel, B.R., et al., Phylogeny of the clusioid clade (Malpighiales): evidence from the plastid and mitochondrial genomes. American Journal of Botany, 2011. 98(2): p. 306-325.
Crockett, S.L., et al., Genetic profiling of Hypericum (St. John’s Wort) species by nuclear ribosomal ITS sequence analysis. Planta medica, 2004. 70(10): p. 929-935.
Heenan, P., Three newly recognised species of Hypericum (Clusiaceae) from New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany, 2008. 46(4): p. 547-558.
Park, S.-J. and K.-J. Kim, Molecular phylogeny of the genus Hypericum (Hypericaceae) from Korea and Japan: evidence from nuclear rDNA ITS sequence data. Journal of Plant Biology, 2004. 47: p. 366-374.
Pilepić, H.K., et al., RFLP analysis of cpDNA in the genus Hypericum. Biologia, 2010. 65(5): p. 805-812.
Pilepić, K., M. Balić, and N. Blažina, Estimation of phylogenetic relationships among some Hypericum (Hypericaceae) species using internal transcribed spacer sequences. Plant Biosystems, 2011. 145(1): p. 81-87.
Doyle, J.J., J.L. Doyle, and A. Brown, A chloroplast‐DNA phylogeny of the wild perennial relatives of soybean (Glycine subgenus Glycine): congruence with morphological and crossing groups. Evolution, 1990. 44(2): p. 371-389.
Chen, S., et al., Validation of the ITS2 region as a novel DNA barcode for identifying medicinal plant species. PloS one, 2010. 5(1): p. e8613.
Taberlet, P., et al., Universal primers for amplification of three non-coding regions of. Plant molecular biology, 1991. 17: p. 1105-1109.
Hall, R.E., The stock market and capital accumulation. American Economic Review, 2001. 91(5): p. 1185-1202.
Swofford, D.L., PAUP*. Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony, Version 4. 2000: Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts.
Felsenstein, J., Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap. evolution, 1985. 39(4): p. 783-791.
Nylander, J.A., et al., Bayesian phylogenetic analysis of combined data. Systematic biology, 2004. 53(1): p. 47-67.
Ronquist, F. and J.P. Huelsenbeck, MrBayes 3: Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models. Bioinformatics, 2003. 19(12): p. 1572-1574.
Rambaut, A., (http://tree.bio.ed.ac.uk/software/figtree/) (Accessed 6 January 2016). 2016.
Robson, N.K., Studies in the genus Hypericum L.(Clusiaceae). Section 9. Hypericum sensu lato (part 3): subsection 1. Hypericum series 2. Senanensia, subsection 2. Erecta and section 9b. Graveolentia. Systematics Biodiversity, 2006. 4(1): p. 19-98.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Hiwa Hussein Hasan, Shilan Abdulaziz Husain, Abdullah Shakur Sardar, Rebwar Muhammad Hamasalih
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
which allows users to copy, create extracts, abstracts, and new works from the Article, alter and revise the Article, and make commercial use of the Article (including reuse and/or resale of the Article by commercial entities), provided the user gives appropriate credit (with a link to the formal publication through the relevant DOI), provides a link to the license, indicates if changes were made and the licensor is not represented as endorsing the use made of the work.
