Effect of β-glucan from Lactobacillus fermentum on serum lipid profile in rats

Abstract

The study aimed to extract the compound β-Glucan from the cell wall of Lb. fermentum Lactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 and study its effect in reducing cholesterol levels in the blood of laboratory animals (rats). The following results were obtained: Examination of the extracted compound by FTIR in the diagnosis of some major aggregates involved in the formation of the compound, peak absorption appeared at 1074 cm^-1 and peaks at 1156-1165 cm^-1 which is the defining feature of the structure of β-glucan extending with the standard 1051 cm^-1 refers to the linear structure of β-glucan.  UV was used to evaluate the compound to determine the amount of protein and carbohydrates in the substance. The results indicated that the percentage of carbohydrates and proteins extracted in glucan was 44% and 0.45% respectively. The components of glucose and protein gave an important indicator about the purity of glucan, containing a high number of sugars with a low content of proteins, and compared it to the standard compound Nutricost^®, USA. The results showed that the extracted compound was identical to the standard compound when using FTIR and UV tests. In addition, it was noticed that the level of cholesterol decreased to (82.2) when the rats were treated with β-glucan extracted from L. b fermentum, where the treatment of the bacterium beta-glucan at a concentration of (mg / bw10) showed that the level of cholesterol in the blood approached the levels of normal cholesterol. While the level of cholesterol in the rats treated with the same bacterial beta-glucan at a concentration of (40 mg/ Bww) was about (163), and this may be attributed to the fact that the concentration (10 mg / Bw) was the ideal concentration in lowering the level of cholesterol. Triglycerides, LDL, and raising beneficial fats (HDL). The product has also been shown to be effective in raising beneficial animal blood cells and immune cells, stabilizing red blood cells, and reducing white blood cells.