Improving the Regularity of water Distribution of the Double-pipe Irrigation system and its impact on soil and Plant properties

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted for the autumn agricultural season 2022 at the Agricultural Research Station - University of Basra - Karma Ali site Located between ^-30 50⁰ latitude  and ^-47 74⁰, to study the effect of the experiment factors, which are the distance factor between the emitter holder with distances of 0-15-30 centimeters using double pipes, and the distance factor between the emitters by three coefficients 20-25-30 centimeters, between the emitters and the emitter discharge factor with two coefficients of 5-8 liters per hour^-1. In the values of moisture content and electrical conductivity, The experiment treatments are distributed into three replicates by using a factorial experiment conducted in a randomized complete block design (RCBD).  showed that the use of double pipes at a distance of 15 cm between the pipes recorded the highest moisture content, followed by the zero distance between the pipes. While the highest moisture content was recorded at a distance of 20 cm between the emitters when using a discharge of 8 liters per hour^-1. As for the electrical conductivity, the coefficient of distance showed 15 centimeters between the emitter holder, followed by the zero distance coefficient between the emitter holder with less electrical conductivity, and increases with increasing distance from the center of the marz. While the lowest electrical conductivity was recorded at the distance of 20 between the emitters and increased with the distance between the emitters. As for the discharge, the discharge has achieved 8 liters hour^-1 less electrical conductivity, with the highest moisture content and the lowest electrical conductivity recorded at the treatment 15-20-8 for the distance between the emitter holder and the distance between the emitters and discharge, respectively.