A stylistic study in the sermon of Sayyida Zainab () and Umm Kulthum () in the light of the Russian formalists

Abstract

Stylistic is the poet's way of forming linguistic material, and stylistics deals with literary texts by studying, on the basis of analyzing linguistic and stylistic phenomena in a way that discovers the aesthetic phenomena of texts, and evaluates the style of its creator, specifying the stylistic characteristics that distinguish it from other creators. The formalist approach is one of the most important modern trends in the study of style, as the Russian Formalists believe that the form is what determines the meaning and the concept of the text, and that the literary work is purely a form and should be studied from a formal point of view. The sermons of the Ahl al-Bayt () have an important place that they deliver on their religious students, and their writers used a distinct approach from the walkers; The sermon of Mrs. Zainab () and Umm Kulthum is one of these discreet sermons that we deal with in this research. Umm Kulthum's sermon in Kufa, is the sermon delivered by Mrs. Umm Kulthum after the incident of Al-Taff in the council of Obaid Allah bin Ziyad, in which she rebuked the people of Kufa for their betrayal of Imam Al-Hussein (PBUH). The sermon of Sayyidah Zainab () in Kufa, is the sermon delivered by Sayyidah Zainab () after the incident of al-Taff in the council of Ubaid Allah ibn Ziyad, in which she directed slander and rebuke to the people of Kufa for their failure and negligence in supporting Imam al-Hussain (). To study these two sermons stylistically and formally, according to an analytical-descriptive approach, and analyze them in the morphological and grammatical way, and show their apparent formations and study them through rhetorical evidence, and reveal the beauty of the sermon by revealing the metaphors, similes, contradictions and symbols that the orator used in the sermon.