KAZEM, Hatem Karim; MUSA, Ibtisam Haider. Using the time-directed benchmarking (TDBM) technique to evaluate the performance efficiency of health units. Al-Ghary Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences, Kufa, Najaf, IRAQ, v. 18, n. 1, p. 339–357, 2022. DOI: 10.36325/ghjec.v18i1.13973. Disponível em: https://journal.uokufa.edu.iq/index.php/ghjec/article/view/13973. Acesso em: 15 aug. 2026.