Management of Traumatic Balanoposthitis and Flea Infestation in a Dorcas gazelle (Gazella dorcas): A Case Report

Abstract

Traumatic balanoposthitis is an uncommon but clinically significant penile disorder in wild ruminants, often caused by blunt force trauma leading to inflammation of the glans penis and prepuce. This report describes a 4-year-old intact male Dorcas gazelle (Gazella dorcas) weighing 16 kg, presented to the Large Animal Clinic, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, with a four-week history of swollen glans penis unresponsive to antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory therapy. Clinical findings included necrosis of the glans penis and heavy Ctenocephalides spp. flea infestation. Laboratory analysis of penile swab cultures yielded Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, both susceptible only to Imipenem. Treatment involved flushing with 0.06% chlorhexidine, piroxicam, insecticidal dusting for flea control, multivitamin supplementation, and topical aloe vera extract. The necrotic glans sloughed on Day 4, with resolution of swelling and ectoparasite infestation by Day 8. The animal was discharged and remained stable at follow-up. This case highlights the importance of early diagnosis, culture-guided antimicrobial therapy, and ectoparasite management in wild ungulates. Prompt intervention can improve welfare and prevent reproductive losses in captive wildlife.