The possible cardioprotective effect of valsartan in the amelioration of myocardial I/R injury induced by ligation of coronary artery in a rat model

Abstract

Ischemia/reperfusion injury describes the experimentally and clinically prevalent finding that tissue  ischemia with inadequate  oxygen followed by successful reperfusion initiates a wide and complex array of inflammatory responses that may aggravate local injury as well as induce impairment of remote organ function by mechanisms that involves oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.     In this study, we investigated the cardio protective  effects of Valsartan in regional ischemia/ reperfusion injury. adult male Albino rats were randomized into 4 equal groups. Group (1) sham group: rats underwent the same anesthetic and surgical procedure as the control group except ligation of LAD coronary artery , Group( 2) control group: rats subjected to regional ischemia for 25 min by ligation of  LAD coronary artery and reperfusion for 2 hours ,Group( 3) control vehicle group: rats received (normal saline) vehicle of  valsartan  via I.P injection  and subjected to regional ischemia for 25 min and reperfusion for 2 hours  , Group( 4) valsartan  treated group : rats pretreated with valsartan 10mg/kg I.P 30 minutes before ligation of LAD coronary  artery then subjected to the surgical procedure with ligation of LAD for 30 minutes followed by 120 minutes reperfusion. At the end of reperfusion, Heart was divided into two parts, the apex for histopathology and the remaining  part used for determination of tissue TNF-α,and IL-6 It has been found that Valsartan treated group showed significant reduction (P˂0.05) in TNFα with respect to the control groups.Histopathology study revealed that the treatment with  Valsartan significantly (P˂0.05) improved cardiac injury as compared with control groups, we concluded that Valsartan reduces inflammatory reaction associated with ischemia/reperfusion injury induced by LAD ligation in addition to its reduction for cardiac injury induced by ischemia reperfusion.