Histopathological Effect of heavy metal on different organs of fresh water fish tissues from Garmat Ali River adjacent to Al- Najebyia Power Station

Abstract

Common carp fish was caged from Shatt Al-Arab near Al- Najebyia power station to study the effect of pollution with heavy metals on different fish tissue (gills,kidney, liver, muscle, skin, intestine, spleen ,gonads) sample of the water was analyzed by atomic absorption to find the concentration of heavy metal(ppm=mg/litter) which appear highest than permissible levels. The histopathological results of study were inflammatory cells in  skin  connective tissue , sub-cutaneous adipose tissue partly with fibrosis,muscle with vacuolation.In gills : Adhesion of some secondary lamella associated with inflammatory cells ,congestion, with loss of epithelial lining only capillaries left, sever atrophy only the remenant of secondary lamella left. Small intestine showed proliferation of mucous screatingcells.Liver had small bile duct enclosed by minimal fibrosis ,portal vein with some inflammatory cells. Kidney revealed glomerulus with high cellularity & tubular vacuolation, reduce hemopoietictissue,peritubularodema, tubular degeneration with congested blood vessel.Spleen revealed central arterioldiletation ,haemorrhage in the tissue,deplitation of follicular aggregation and lymphoid tissue,hemorrhagic red pulp,atrophy of follicular white pulp.gonads had different stages of spermatogenesis in testis  and different stages of developing ova , ova with vacuoles of secondary germinal layer.