Amelioration effect of methanolic extract of Cyperus rotundus on type 2 diabetes mellitus, thyroid dysfunction and gall stone induce by dexamethasone in male rabbits

Abstract

The research  investigated the possible involvement of type2 diabetes mellitus, thyroid dysfunction and gall stone induce by dexamethasone, and therapeutic effect of   Cyperus rotundus as   antidiabetic potential. This study was carried out in the animal house of the College of Veterinary Medicine - Basrah University. The rabbit was used as a model to study the effects of type2 diabetes mellitus thyroid dysfunction and gall stone induce by dexamethasone,   Twenty-four healthy adult  domestic rabbits were divided randomly into four groups.   The first group (C) had been regarded as control each rabbit in the control group was drenched 3ml of normal saline daily by using gastric tube for 15 days. The second group (DEX) was drenched (0.35 mg / Kg B.W. single dosage) of dexamethasone tablets which were powdered, dissolved in 3ml of normal saline daily for  15 days. The third group (DEX + Cyperus rotunus) was drenched (0.35 mg / Kg B.W. single dosage) of dexamethasone   and Cyperus rotunus 0.5g / Kg B.W. single dosage, dissolved in 3ml of normal saline daily for  15 days. The forth group (Cyperus rotunus) was drenched ( 0.5g / Kg B.W. single dosage) of Cyperus rotunus, dissolved in 3ml of normal saline daily for  15 days.

Cyperus rotundus was administered to -induced hyperglycaemic male rabbit and the alterations in serum concentrations of thyroid hormones, total cholesterol, triglycerides and fasting glucose were studied. Simultaneously changes in lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione (GSH) content, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in serum (which are commonly affected in diabetes mellitus), were also investigated. Administration of dexamethasone (0.35mg/kg/day orally for 15 days) caused hyperglycaemia with a parallel increase in serum glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides and  lipid peroxidation with a decrease in serum levels of both the thyroid hormones (triiodothyronine, T₃ and thyroxine, T₄).  

However, Cyperus rotundus administration (0.5 g/kg/day orally for 15 days) along with an equivalent amount of dexamethasone reverted most of these changes, including a marked an increase in the serum levels of both thyroid hormones. The present findings reveal that the test  extract ameliorates corticosteroid-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus through an increase in serum thyroid hormone concentrations.