Effects of Chitosan and Hyaluronic Acid in Healing of Chemically Induced Oral Ulcer in Rabbits

Abstract

Twelve healthy, local bread male rabbits were used in this study, weighting (1.5-2) kg , divided equally into three groups: in First group (Control group), the ulcers were induced by local application of Sulfuric Acid in concentration 38% in rabbit cheek mucosa ,animals were left without treatment. In second group, same procedure was performed then 0.03 gm of chitosan raw was applied locally on ulcer site twice daily at 1st, 2nd, and 3rd day post induce ulcer while animal under general anesthesia. In third group, same procedure was performed, then saturated gauze with 5 drop of hyfresh drug contain hyalronic acid 2.0 mg\ml were applied locally on ulcer site twice daily at 1st, 2nd, and 3rd day post induces ulcer while animal under general anesthesia.
Grossly finding at 3rd day shows limited area of necrotic mucus membrane (m.m) with presence of sluphing area in the second group, while in the control and third groups at same period showed presence of necrotic area of (m.m) surrounded by elevated congestion (m.m), as well as at day 7 evidence regression of necrotic area with definite re-epithelization area in the second group, while in the third group showed advance in regression of necrotic area when compared with earlier period and beginning of re-epithelization, in control group record decreased in necrotized area surrounded by congested area and also small ulcer area was found. Histopathological results in control group at 3rd day showed inflammatory cells particularly neutrophils infiltration between necrotic muscle fibers with hemorrhage in subepithelial layer while in the second group showed granulation tissue consisting from congested blood vessels and marked fibroblast proliferation with collagen fiber deposition, but in the third group showed presence of inflammatory cells particularly neutrophils and macrophages between necrotic muscle fiber. At day 7 in control group showed severe inflammatory cells particularly neutrophils infiltration between marked necrotic muscle fibers, while In the second group at the same period showed thickness collagen fibers with macrophages and lymphocytes infiltration with congested blood vessels, in third group showed inflammatory cells with congested blood vessels, edema, necrotic debris with severe neutrophils infiltration between marked necrotic muscle fiber.