Studying Analytical Methods for Monitoring of Antibiotics in Environmental Waters, A review

Abstract

In recent years, there has been a rise in interest in the study of antibiotic occurrence in the aquatic environment due to the negative consequences of prolonged exposure and the potential for bacterial antibiotic resistance. Most antibiotic residues from treated wastewater end up in the aquatic environment as they are not eliminated in facilities that treat wastewater. Antibiotics must be identified in influent and effluent wastewater using reliable analytical techniques for several reasons, including monitoring antibiotic presence in aquatic environments, assessing environmental risks, computing WWTP removal efficiencies, and estimating antibiotic consumption. Therefore, this work aims to provide an overview of existing approaches for determining antibiotics in complicated matrices, such as wastewater, and to identify issues that need to be adequately resolved to conduct a successful analysis. Because it is currently the most effective and often used analytical method for determining antibiotic residue, liquid chromatography linked to tandem mass spectrometry was chosen.