Phytochemical profiling and Bioactivity Assessment of Xanthium orientale: Evidence from HPLC, GC /MS and antibacterial activity

Abstract

Xanthium orientale L. is an annual, medicinal plant that is an association of the Asteraceae family and has been extensively known to have been widely utilized in the traditional medicine in treating health conditions, especially inflammatory diseases, skin diseases, infections, and certain central nervous system disturbances. Innumerable parts of the plant are employed in traditional preparations. The plant is native to the American continent but has spread widely across the Asian continent, where it has proliferated in the temperate regions, even in the agricultural fields, roadsides, and other non-cultivated lands. Despite its medical value, Xanthium orientale is considered an invasive weed, and it may exhibit toxic effect on grazing animals when consumed in large quantities. phytochemicals Screenings and chromatography analysis   revealed presence of diverse secondary metabolites such as sesquiterpene lactones, flavonoids, coumarins, steroids, glycosides, lignans, and phenolic compounds. Among these, plant phytochemicals considered a characteristic bioactive constituent responsible for many plants activity.  

In this study, comprehensive phytochemical screening of Xanthium orientale, Chromatographic identification and antibacterial activity against different strains were performed. Over all, the findings of this work support the therapeutic application corresponding to previous studies, although further investigations and studies are required to validate its activity as well as toxicity and safety assessment.