The Use of Arterial Blood Gases Analysis to Evaluate Lung Injury in Children with Congenital Heart Disease Disease who Undergo On-pump Cardiac Surgery

Abstract

Abstract: congenital heart disease is a defect in the heart or great vessel discovered during infancy or later in life. Congenital heart disease is divided into acyanotic and cyanotic. Surgery is the main therapeutic option for any congenital heart disease. The cardiopulmonary bypass has advancements in open heart surgery. It provides circulatory and respiratory support. Aortic cross-clamp is necessary in most open heart surgeries to isolate the heart from circulation. Patients undergoing cardiac surgery on cardiopulmonary bypass often have disturbances in arterial blood gases, including partial pressure of oxygen, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, PH value, and bicarbonate. Aim of study: The study aimed to investigate the serial changes in arterial blood gases before, during, and after open heart surgery and to find the correlation between these changes and aortic cross-clamp time. Conclusion: This study finds the partial pressure of carbon dioxide is more predictive of lung injury after open heart surgery than the P/F ratio in cyanotic cases. While in acyanotic cases, the P/F ratio and partial pressure of carbon dioxide are important to determine lung injury. Also, this study finds that the prolonged cross-clamp time increases lung injury after open heart surgery.