Chemical Process to Removal Heavy Metals from Soil: A review

Abstract

   Over the past few decades, one of the most significant challenges that the globe has encountered is the pollution of soil with heavy metal ions. This contamination is a consequence of fast industrialization, and human irresponsibility. Heavy metal ions are extremely poisonous, even when present in low concentrations, and they are, by their very nature, non-biodegradable. It is their  The accumulation of biomaterials in the human body is responsible for several persistent and chronic disorders, including lung cancer, breakdown of the neurological system, respiratory issues, kidney impairment, and other conditions are examples. Moreover, aside from the increasing concentration of these metal ions in the soil, which is above the allowable limits, is what makes this situation problematic. The unsuitable soil for future use in agricultural production. Because of this, we need to keep an eye on the concentration of the presence of these metal ions in the soil and put in place some more advanced technology to eliminate them.  As a result of the literature review, it was discovered that there are many methods for removing heavy metal ions from metal-contaminated soil. The elimination of these metals was the primary goal of these strategies so that the metal ions are changed into less harmful and toxic forms. The technique used depends on a number of factors, including the applicability of the method, the treatment mechanism used, the type and form of pollutants, the soil composition, the soil type, etc. For the purpose of this review paper, we conducted an in-depth investigation into the use of chemical techniques for the removal of heavy metals from contaminated soils and their application mechanism, in addition to mentioning their advantages and disadvantages.