Case-Control Study on KCNJ11 Gene Polymorphism and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) it is a complex metabolic condition marked by insulin resistance and dysfuction of pancreatic β-cells. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) indicate that multiple genes, notably potassium inwardly-rectifying channel, subfamily J, member 11 (KCNJ11), have a major role in susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Aim of study: To estimate the risk of KCNJ11 gene polymorphism (rs5215) in the development of type 2 diabetes. Methods: A case-control research was done involving 300 participants, including 150 individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and 150 healthy controls. Genotypic data was obtained by allele-specific Polymerase Chain Reaction (AS-PCR), while biochemical measurements involved fasting blood glucose, serum insulin levels, and lipid profiles. Results: genotyping of the SNP rs5215 under codominant model   show highly significant variation between diabetic and control group with T/C genotype (OR = 0.48, 95% CI = 0.29 – 0.78, P = 0.006),dominant model (T/C-C/C)  show statistically significant result (OR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.35 – 0.89, P = 0.013), The minor allele frequency (C) was decreased in T2DM patient compared to controls(OR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.89 – 1.77, P = 0.19), the association did not reach statistical significance Conclusion: Single nucleotide polymorphism of the KCNJ11 gene (rs5215) is insignificantly linked to susceptibility of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the AL-Najaf population.