Rhetorical contrast in the poetry of Ali bin Jahm

Abstract

Contrast and contrast are the source of beauty by arousing attention to the idea, and awakening the feeling of balancing between something and its opposite, and in this artistic enjoyment is achieved, and the meaning is clarified and emphasized, and it settles in the souls, as the style increases in beauty and clarity. corresponding to them, respectively. Mentioning something and its opposite gives speech well, and expands the scope of knowledge in education, and then the ability to distinguish between right and wrong, and against which things are distinguished. And due to the energies of confrontation, it was used by many poets, including Ali bin Al-Jahm. Recent studies have attached great importance to oppositional and antagonistic relationships, because of their importance in revealing the significance and creating artistic aesthetics. Therefore, this research promoted the study of Ibn al-Jahm's poetry and revealed the phenomenon of rhetorical opposition in his poetry, and we analyzed its models according to the descriptive analytical method. Between what he aspires to and what is going on in reality, the poet aspires to the world of enjoyment and amusement in the event that he is immersed in the tragedies of the Abbasid reality with all its attractions, conflicts, rivalries, poverty, hypocrisy and duplicity, which was reflected in the form of contrast in the poetry of Ali Ibn al-Jahm, so that hardly a house is devoid of it. In addition, the poet deliberately formulated this art in his poetry, as the antagonism often included rhetorical connotations such as emphasizing and expressing the poet's love or hatred towards the things he lived with. In addition, the poet aimed through it to show the exaltation of himself, his old glory, and the deterioration of his condition after that, which, by the nature of his condition, requires mixing the text with oppositions and rhetorical confrontations. From the technical point of view, it is noted that he relied on counterpoint, both positive and negative, more than the interview, due to its ease compared to the interview.