Water Quality Evaluation of Diwaniyah River Using The Nemerow Pollution Index

Ahmed M. Al-Sulaiman; RUSOL M.M Shubbar; BASIM H. K. Al-Obaidi

doi:10.30572/2018/KJE/160201

Authors

Ahmed M. Al-Sulaiman civil department/college of engineering/university of al-qadisiyah, qadisiyah, iraq https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6708-442X
RUSOL M.M Shubbar civil department/college of engineering/university of Baghdad, baghdad, iraq https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5526-2409
BASIM H. K. Al-Obaidi civil department/college of engineering/university of baghdad/baghdad, iraq

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30572/2018/KJE/160201

Keywords:

Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Euphrates River (Diwaniyah River), Models, Water quality assessment, Nemerow pollution index (NPI)

Abstract

Diwaniya is one of the middle Euphrates cities through which the Euphrates River passes through. The Euphrates section that passes through Diwaniya city is called (Shatt al-Diwaniya). This study deals with the river water quality for the period between 2015 and 2023 at that section. The aim of study is to assess the influence of pollution on the sustainability quality of Shatt al-Diwaniyah area using the Nemerow pollution index (NPI) based on artificial neural network (ANN) and regression analysis model (RA). To determine critical water performance parameters for the river section, investigation is required precisely to find out which characteristics and stations contribute to river pollution. Physicochemical water parameters such as Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD₅), Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Nitrate (NO₃), and phosphates (PO₄) along the length of the river were measured by fifteen sites from Diwaniya's river during (2015-2023). NPI was calculated for the water samples in each station of examination. The growing NPI value indicated that the river water quality in this section is deteriorating. Where the river's NPI values vary between 2.14 and 3.48, indicating that its water quality is slightly polluted. Mathematical models of artificial neural networks and regression concluded that the most polluted parameter is phosphate PO₄ which is concentrated in station 15 which recapitulates that river water is not suitable for use as a source of drinking water, besides, it can still be consumed to irrigate agricultural property and plants

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