MODELING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL WETTING PATTERNS UNDER SUBSURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION

Mohammad Tariq   Mahmood; Abdulazeez A.  Alhamed

doi:10.30572/2018/KJE/160432

Authors

Mohammad Tariq Mahmood Dams and Water Resources Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mosul, Iraq
Abdulazeez A. Alhamed Dams and Water Resources Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mosul, Iraq

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30572/2018/KJE/160432

Keywords:

Drip irrigation, Emitter spacing, Initial moisture content, Subsurface drip irrigation, Wetting front

Abstract

The drip irrigation method is one of the highly efficient methods to provide irrigation water in arid and semi-arid areas, and subsurface drip irrigation is the best in terms of reducing evaporation from the soil surface. The study aimed to follow up the progress of the wetting front in three directions perpendicular for two adjacent emitters to determine the best distances between emitters, then reduce deep percolation losses and provide the root area with the required moisture. Soil studied was Sandy loam with primary moisture content as follows: 3%, 7%. Emitters were buried under 20 cm of soil surface with a basic drainage rate of 2.5 liters/hour. Three distances between emitters are 25, 35, 45 cm. Empirical equations were derived to find the progress of the wetting front when changing the equation conditions to obtain an optimal modeling. The progress at the middle of the spacing of Z up and Z down was different. The confluence of the two wetting front at moisture content 0.08 was faster than 0.06 and 0.04 until the end of the experiment time for the same spacing between emitters. Increasing the spacing between the emitters from 25 to 55 cm reduced the chance of the two follicles meeting by 30%. Vertical progress below and above the emitter was not affected by the spacing change

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