PILE-RAFT FOUNDATIONS: A REVIEW OF SOIL-STRUCTURE INTERACTION AND BEARING CAPACITY ANALYSIS FOR CLAYEY SOILS IN AL-NASIRIYA, IRAQ"

Assad L. Hayal; Prof. Dr. A'amal A.H. Al-Saidi

doi:10.30572/2018/KJE/170235

Authors

Assad L. Hayal Civil Department, Collage of engineering, Baghdad university, Baghdad, Iraq
Prof. Dr. A'amal A.H. Al-Saidi Civil Department, Collage of engineering, Baghdad university, Baghdad, Iraq

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30572/2018/KJE/170235

Keywords:

Piled raft , Soil–structure interaction , Finite element analysis , seismic loading , raft footing and driven piles

Abstract

The research reviews the behavior of pile-raft foundations and the impact of pile driving in clayey soil, focusing on the resulting soil movement, pore water pressures, and their effects on slope stability, especially in the city of Nasiriyah, southern Iraq, where clayey soil prevails. Previous studies reviewed include load-bearing capacity using experimental and numerical models to determine the maximum load and the relationship between load and settlement, with observations on changes in pore pressures after pile driving , pile-raft foundations through numerical and experimental research studying the distribution of loads between the piles and the raft and the impact of pile configuration, raft thickness, and soil type on performance . Local studies have shown that the soil in nasiriyah is predominantly composed of high or low plasticity clay (CL–CH), with a small percentage of sand, and there is a lack of realistic studies on the local soil. The main findings included advancement in modeling methods, but a deficiency in real field studies of clayey soil in nasiriyah, absence of standardized criteria for assessing the risks of pile driving in clay and need for comprehensive models that consider the interaction between the soil and the structure during execution

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

A.Marine and I.Anastasopoulos ,(2021) Existing bridges on pile groups: In-situ measurement of stiffness journal, soil dynamics and earthquake engineering/vol. 80.

Al-Baghdadi, N. H. (2013). Stabilization of earth slopes by using soil nailing. Kufa Journal of Engineering, 5(1), 1-12.‏

Al-Damluji, O. A. F. S., & Al-Baghdadi, N. H. (2012). Analysis Of Piled-Raft Foundation By The Finite Element Method. Kufa Journal Of Engineering, 3(2), 115-132.‏

Aldo Fernández Limés,(2023) Soil Structure Interaction Generalities Technological University Of Havana Faculty Of Civil Engineering Department Of Structures.

Alireza Rashiddel (2024),Seismic analysis of segmental shallow tunnels adjacent to building foundations under soil liquefaction and its mitigation.

Al-Mosawi, M., Fattah, M. and Al-Zayadii, A., (2011), “Experimental Observations on the Behavior of A Piled Raft Foundation”, Journal of Engineering, Vol. 17, No. 4.

Amalia, N., Asri, A., Rokhmat, M., Sutisna, & Abdullah, M. (2015). Reduction in rebound of concrete piles driven into clays by coating pile surface with titanium dioxide nanoparticles. arXiv preprint arXiv:1506.0824.

ASTM D 1194 ,(2002), "Standard Test Method for Particle-Size Analysis of Soils", American Society for Testing and Materials.

ASTM D 422-1963 (reapproved 1998): "Standard Test Method for Particle-Size Analysis of Soils", American Society for Testing and Materials.

Attari, Y., Jostad, H. P., Grimstad, G., & Eiksund, G. R. (2023). Evaluation of pile driving effects on slope stability in clay. Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 42, 1623–1638.

Bowles J. E. (1996). "Foundation Analysis and Design", 5th edition, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Burghignoli A., Jamiolkowski M.B. and Viggiani C. (2007). "Geotechnics for the Preservation of Historic Cities and Monuments: Components of a Multidisciplinary Approach". In Proceedings of the 14th European Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Madrid, Spain. pp. 3-38.

Burland J. B. (1995). "Piles as Settlement Reducers. In Proceedings of the 19th Italian National Geotechnical Congress, Pavia, Italy, Vol. 2. pp. 21 34.

Burland J.B. Piles as settlement reducers. Keynote address 18th Italian congress on soil mechanics. Italy: Pavia; 1995.

Butterfield, R., Banerjee, P.K., 1971. The problem of pile group–pile cap interaction. Geotechnique 21 (2), 135–142.

Chin, F.K. (1970), "Estimation of the Ultimate Load of Piles not Carried to Failure", Proceedings of the 2nd Southeast Asian Conference on Soil Engineering, pp. 81-90.

Chow H.S.W. (1987), “Iterative Analysis of Pile-Soil-Pile Interaction”. Geotechnique 37, No. – 3, 321 - 333

Chow, Y.K., Teh, C.I., (1991). “Pile-cap–pile-group interaction in nonhomogeneous soil”. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 117 (11), 1655–1668.Chow, Y.K., Yong.

Clancy, P., Randolph, M.F., (1993). “An approximate analysis procedure for piled raft foundations”. International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 17 (12), 849–869.

Cristian C. and Eduardo M. (2017),‖Evaluation of soil-structure interaction effects on the damping ratios of buildings subjected to earthquakes.

Das, B. M. (2011). "Principles of Geotechnical Engineering", 6th ed., Thomson , Toronto

Das, M. (2012). ―Fundamentals Of Geotechnical Engineering‖, Global Engineering, Christopher M. Short Cengage Learning.

Davis, E.H., Poulos, H.G., 1972. The analysis of piled raft systems. Australia Geotechnique Journal G 2 (1), 21–27.

Davisson, M. T. (1972), "High Capacity Piles", Proceedings of Lecture Series on Innovations in Foundation Construction, ASCE Illinois Section, Chicago, March 22, pp. 81 - 112. (cited by Fellenius,2009).

Denghong C.,&Shangqiu D. (2017),”Dynamic Fracture Analysis Of The Soil Structure Interaction System Using The Scaled Boundary Finite Element Method”.Engineering Analysis With Boundary Element Journal /Vol 77

Diptesh C.,Rajib S. Sumanta H.And Deepankar C. .(2023),”State-Of-The-Art Review On Responses Of Combined Piled Raft Foundation Subjected To Seismic Loads Using Static And Dynamic Approaches”. Soil Dynamics And Earthquake Engineering/Vol 169

Duaa M. And Ressol S. ,(2023)" Evaluation of soil classification methods based on CPT data for soil in Nasiriyah, Iraq” Conference: 4th international scientific conference of engineering sciences and advances technologies DOI:10.1063/5.0157813

El Sawwaf, (2010), “Experimental Study of Eccentrically Loaded Raft with Connected and Unconnected Short Piles”, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Vol.136, No.10, pp.1394-1402.

El-Mossallamy Y.(2002).”Innovative applicationof piled raft foundation in stiff and soft subsoil” .Deep Foundation ,ASCE,Orlando,pp(430_440) .

Esraa A. Mandhour .,2022 . “Assessment of the liquefaction susceptibility of Al-Nasiriya city soil based on plasticity properties” Periodicals of Engineering and Natural Sciences ISSN 2303-4521 .Vol. 7, No. 1, March 2020, pp.542-55.

G. Saad, F. Saddik & S. Najjar,(2012)” Impact of Soil Structure Interaction on the Seismic Design of Reinforced Concrete Buildings with Underground Stories” American University of Beirut, Lebanon.

Gao L., Zejun H . and Jianbo L.,”(2013),”An efficient approach for dynamic impedance of surface footing on layered half-space”. Soil Dynamics And Earthquake Engineering/Vol.49.

Hain, S.J.& Lee, I.K.,( 1978). “The analysis of flexible raft–pile systems”. Geotechnique 28 (1), 65–83.

Hussein H. H.(2015), “The Behavior of Pile-Raft Foundation System in Sandy Soils Subjected to Vertical and Seismic Loads” A Thesis Submitted to the Building and Construction Engineering Department in the University of Technology

Iván N., Moacir K. and Víctor Y.(2023)“Metamodel-assisted meta-heuristic design optimization of reinforced concrete frame structures considering soil-structure interaction‖Engineering Structures 293-116657.

Jasim, M. A., Chyad, F. A., & Yaseen, D. A. (2014). Improvement Of Selected Parts Of Basrah Governorate Soils Using A Mixture Of Cement And Novolac Polymer. Kufa Journal Of Engineering, 5(2), 61-76.‏

Javad G., Majidreza N., Jayantha K. And Peter W.(2021),”Finite Element Solution For Static And Dynamic Interactions Of Cylindrical Rigid Objects And Unsaturated Granular Soils”. Computer Methods In Applied Mechanics And Engineering /Vol.384

Jaymin D Patil, Sandeep A Vasanwala And Chandresh H Solanki., (2014), “An Experimental Investigation on Behavior of Piled Raft Foundation”, international Journal of Geometrics and Geosciences,/ Vol. 5, No. 2.

Jeong S. & Cho J., (2012.), “Three-dimensional Analysis of Piled Raft Foundation in Clay Soils”, International Journal of Geo-Engineering,/ Vol. 4, No.1, pp.11-22.

Jin Ho Lee (2018),Nonlinear soil-structure interaction analysis in pyroclastic soil o H. V Phuong Truong (2011), ―Dynamic Stress Distributions in Soils under Dynamic and Static Condition Westminster, California 92683 USA.

Kien T. Nguyen,Danelu S.Kusanuvic And Dominiki A..(2022),”Dynamic Soil Impedance Functions For Cylindrical Structures Buried In Elastic Half-Space. ”Soil Dynamic And Earthquake Engineering ,/Vol 162

Lee J. Park & D. Park K., (2015), “Estimation of Load-Sharing Ratios for Piled Rafts in Sands that Includes Interaction Effects”, Computers and Geotechnics ,Vol. 63, pp 306–314.

Massarsch, K. R., & Wersäll, C. (2013). “Soil heave due to pile driving in clay. Sound Geotechnical Research to Practice”: Honoring Robert D. Holtz II, 481–499.

Meyerhof, G. G. (1976), "Bearing Capacity and Settlement of Pile Foundations," JGED, ASCE, vol. 102, GT 3, March, pp. 195-228.