Review Essay, Reading in the book “Iraq: From Identity Shock to the Awakening of Identities" by the researcher Ali Taher Al-hammood.

Abstract

Identity is the main axis in building the institutional system of the modern state and maintaining sovereignty within a group of factors, the most important of which are: religion, sect, nationalism, family and tribal affiliation, and government policies have affected the process of organizing and classifying the national identity, as belonging to the self and the social environment are distinct elements corresponding to the other and the other. Identity and non – affiliation, therefore identity takes, two forms: similarity and differentiation, and the concept of modern identity has been linked to individual growth and belonging to the land and human liberation from traditional systems, so external variables affect the development of national identity.