The Relationship Between Hemoglobin Level and Mother-Child Medical History of Children with Anemia who are Under Five Years Old

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of anemia is a global public health concern, affecting both developed and developing countries. The effects of childhood anemia are devastating, ranging from stunted growth and impaired cognitive and motor development to an increased risk of mortality.

Objective: The study aims to determine the mother and child medical history associated with hemoglobin levels among under-five children in Kut City.

Methods: A cross-sectional study with a convenience sample (non-probability) was conducted among 264 children admitted to hospitals in Kut City. From September 1st, 2022, to March 1st, 2023. Data were collected via questionnaires, and descriptive and inferential statistics were used to evaluate the data.

Results: The total number of children participating in the study was 264, with 39.0% having mild anemia and 60.0% having moderate anemia, according to the WHO classification of anemia. The results showed that the children most at risk of developing anemia were born to mothers with prenatal medical problems. As well as the period of admission of the child to the hospital. Children who were partially immunized showed the lowest mean of hemoglobin. In contrast, children with a History of acute blood loss showed the lowest mean of hemoglobin. The degree of anemia was significantly associated with a long duration admission in pediatric word or neonatal care unit.

Conclusions: According to the study, the most critical factors facing anemia were high significant with partially immunized and a history of blood loss.