Effects of Treatment Adherence on Clinical Outcomes at Hemodialysis Center

Abstract

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) significantly affects patients' quality of life, especially those undergoing hemodialysis. Effective management requires strict adherence to treatment protocols, including medication intake, dietary and fluid restrictions, and regular session attendance. Nonadherence can negatively impact clinical indicators such as electrolytes, hemoglobin, creatinine, and blood urea levels, which are essential for monitoring patient stability.

Aim of the Study: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between treatment adherence and clinical outcomes among patients receiving hemodialysis.

Methods and Materials: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 122 hemodialysis patients at Raparin and Sulaymaniyah Dialysis Centers. Data were collected through structured interviews using a modified treatment adherence questionnaire. Clinical outcomes were obtained from patient records. Data analysis included descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS version 27.

Results: The majority of the 122 patients were men, poorly educated, and jobless. Medication and session attendance were well adhered to, however; diet and hydration adherence were less so. Education level (p = 0.015) and comorbidity type (p = 0.014) had a significant impact on treatment adherence. Serum phosphate and adherence were significantly correlated (p = 0.030), but not with other clinical indicators.

Conclusion: Patients on hemodialysis generally adhered well to medication schedules and appointments but showed lower compliance with dietary and fluid guidelines. Improved adherence particularly in diet and fluid management through patient education and monitoring may enhance clinical stability and reduce complications.