Clinical Insights into SLE Evaluation of Anti-ds-DNA and Anti-Smith Autoantibodies in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease.
Associations between Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Chronic Kidney Disease.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36320/ajb/v16.i3.16495Keywords:
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Lupus Nephritis, Chronic Kidney Disease, Anti-Smith, Anti-dsDNAAbstract
Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multifaceted autoimmune disease affecting various organs characterized by autoantibodies and multi-organ involvement. SLE frequently includes kidney complications that can significantly worsen outcomes, leading to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Objectives: This study aimed to investigate if there is a correlation between CKD development in patients of SLE and the presence of anti-smith and anti-ds-DNA biomarkers. Materials and Methods: A case-control study of 89 SLE patients. They measured anti-Sm and anti-ds-DNA antibodies by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Results: Eighty-nine (89) patients were enrolled in this study, The LN was developed in 36 (40%) patients. The average of anti-Sm positivity was 14.28 % in non-CKD LN more than in CKD-LN (9.09%) and SLE (3.77%) groups (LSD=2.067). Anti-ds-DNA positivity was (28.57%) in non-CKD LN, (9.09%) in the CKD-LN group, and (5.66%) in the SLE group (LSD=4.142). They were highly significant in the two LN groups than the SLE group and in the non-CKD LN group than the CKD-LN group (LSD = 0.857, alpha = 0.05). Conclusion: This study discovered that individuals with non-CKD lupus nephritis had notably elevated levels of anti-Sm and anti-dsDNA antibodies compared to patients with CKD-related lupus nephritis and SLE patients without kidney involvement. This suggests that these antibodies may serve as characteristic markers for this particular subset of individuals with lupus nephritis. Moreover, their existence may have an impact on the early phases of the illness, perhaps leading to the development of chronic renal disease in the future.
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