Clinical and Laboratory Insights into Leukemia Subtypes: An Integrated Analysis of ALL and CLL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36320/ajb/v17.i3.20161Keywords:
ALL, CLL, HC, CBC, Autoimmune diseaseAbstract
This study comprehensively analyzed hematological and biochemical parameters in 246 participants (ALL: n=90, CLL: n=66, HC: n=90) to refine leukemia diagnosis, monitoring, and disease understanding. Multi-parameter flow cytometry precisely classified ALL and CLL cases by characterizing aberrant leukocyte profiles, which proved superior to routine CBCs for initial diagnosis. However, CBCs remained valuable for monitoring disease progression. Notably, both ALL and CLL cohorts exhibited elevated liver and renal function parameters compared to healthy controls, highlighting a systemic impact of the diseases or their treatments, and underscoring the need for continuous organ function monitoring. Demographically, ALL patients were predominantly pediatric, while CLL exclusively affected older adults, consistent with known epidemiology. Hypertension was significantly less prevalent in ALL patients (2.22%) than in CLL patients (15.15%) and healthy controls (13.33%). Autoimmune disease prevalence was low in ALL (3.66%) but higher and comparable in CLL (6.5%) and healthy controls (6.5%), reinforcing the known link between CLL and autoimmunity. This integrated approach, combining advanced cellular phenotyping with routine blood and biochemical analyses, offers a more complete picture of patient physiological status, crucial for guiding clinical management and improving patient outcomes in leukemia.
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