Assessment of Iron Deficiency Anemia Prevalence and Related KAP
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36320/ajb/v18.i2.24753Keywords:
Anemia, Cross-Sectional, knowledge, Attitudes, practice, hemoglobinAbstract
Anemia is a major public health issue with detrimental impacts on physical health, cognitive abilities, and academic output. While traditionally linked to vulnerable groups, recent studies indicate a high prevalence among seemingly healthy young adults, highlighting the need to assess their knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) to guide preventive measures. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of anemia among university students, assess their KAP regarding the condition, and investigate the relationship between anemia status and KAP scores. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 100 students at Al-Zahraa University of Women in Karbala, Iraq. KAP data were collected using an online structured, self-administered questionnaire, and hemoglobin levels were determined using a haematocrit analyser. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26. The results showed an average hemoglobin level of 12.41 ± 1.06 g/dl, with a total anemia prevalence of 34% (25% mild, 9% moderate). Knowledge levels were poor in 38% of students, moderate in 45%, and good in 17%. Furthermore, 52% exhibited poor practices, while attitudes were predominantly neutral. Statistical analysis revealed a significant relationship between anemia status and both knowledge and practice scores, but no significant relationship with attitudes. In conclusion, anemia is a medium-level public health concern among university students in Iraq, supported by gaps in knowledge and prevention practices. Targeted educational interventions, regular screening, and nutritional programs are essential to reduce anemia prevalence and promote healthier habits.
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