Gene Frequencies of ABO and Rh(D) Blood Group Alleles in Five Yemeni Provinces
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36320/ajb/v9.i2.7589Keywords:
Rh(D) Blood Group, Alleles, Hardy Weinberg equilibriumAbstract
This study aims to determine the distribution pattern and gene frequency of the ABO and Rh(D) blood groups in five Yemeni Provinces and compare it with other studies in the world. Methods: The study comprises a total of 1113 healthy blood donors donating in blood banks, Hospitals, primary health centers situated in five Yemeni Provinces, namely Abyan, Al Jawf, Al Hudaydah, Amran and Lahij. ABO and Rh(D) blood groups were determined by standard methods. Calculations for allelic frequency were based on Hardy Weinberg equilibrium. Results: The O blood group was highly distributed: (78.79% (0.88714), 64.62% (0.80177), 63.73% (0.79895) and 60.4% (0.7773) in Al Jawf, Lahij, Al Hudaydah and Abyan, respectively). However, the lowest frequency 53.58% (0.73326) was in Amran, followed by the A blood group which was higher in Amran 34.25% (0.26375). The lowest frequency was in Al Jawf 23.05% (0.08358). The B blood group was highly distributed 10.29% (0.0640) in Abyan and the lowest frequency 5.07 % (0.02846) was in Al Jawf. The AB blood group had also a low frequency. The Rh-positive blood group frequencies were 96.32% O>A>B>AB, and O> A>B among Rh negative donors. Al Jawf Province population had a phenotypic distribution of the Rh-positive blood group of 95.93%. The Rh(D) and d allelic frequency was found to be 0.79826. Abyan, Al Hudaydah, Lahij and Amran had Phenotypic distribution and allelic frequencies of the Rh-positive blood group of 95.35% (0.74213), 94.58% (0.76719), 93.47% (0.74446) and 91.58% (0.70054) respectively. Conclusion: The frequency of ABO blood groups in both Rh positive and negative subjects among the five Yemeni Provinces was O>A>B>AB.
Downloads
References
Storry, J.R. and Olsson, M.L.(2009). The ABO blood group system revisited: a review and update. Immunohematol.25(2): 48-59.
Table of blood group systems.(Oct 2008). International Society of Blood Transfusion(ISBT). Retrieved, http:/ibgrl.blood.co. ulc/isbt%20.pages.
Dennis, Y.M.; Hylem, N.M.; Fidler, C.; Sargent, I.L.; Murphy, M.F.and Chamberlain, P.F.(1998). Prenatal diagnosis of fetal RhD status by molecular analysis of material plasma. New Engl. J. Med., 337:1734-1738.
Cherif-Zahar, B.; Mattei, M.G.; Le Van Kim C.; Bailly, P.; Cartron, J.P. and Colin, Y.(1991). Localization of the human Rh blood group gene structure to chromosome region 1p34.3-1p36.1 by in situ hybridization. Hum. Genet., 86(4): 398-
Gupta, P. K. (1999). Genetics. Rastogi Publications, Meerut, India. Pp: 414.
Gardner, E.J. and Mertens, T.R.(1980). Genetics laboratory investigations"7 th edit. Minn. : Burgess Pub. Co. Minnesota ،USA. Pp:186.
Bennett, E.; Steffensen, R.; Clausen, H.; weghuis, D.; Geurts van kessel A.(1995). Genomic cloning of the human histo-blood group and locus. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 206(1): 318-325.
Cartron, J.P.(1994). Defining the Rh blood group antigens: biochemistry and molecular genetics. Blood Rev.,8(4):199–212.
Seeley, R.R.; Stephens, T.D. and Tate, P.(1998). Anatomy and Physiology. 4th ed. USA, The McGraw Hill Co. Inc., Pp:1098.
Kominato, Y.; Hata, Y.; Matsui, K. and Takizawa, H.(2005). Regulation of ABO gene expression. Leg. Med., 7(4):263-265.
Avent, N.D.(1999). The rhesus blood group system: insights from recent advances in molecular biology. Transfusion Med. Rev., 13(4):245–266.
Mayo, O. A. (2008). century of Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium. Twin Res. Hum. Genet., 11(3):249-256.
Cavalli-Sforza, L.L.; Menozzi, P. and Piazza, A.(1996).The history and geography of human genes. Princeton, New Jersey, Princeton University Press.Pp:342.
Sharma, R.; Preethi, P. N.; Nagarathna C. and Navin, H. K.(2015). Association of ABO Blood Groups with Malocclusion in Population of Jaipur, India: A Prospective Study. Internat. J. Scient. Study; 2(11):45-51.
S2 ABO estimator, Copyright Pedro J.N. Silva, 2000-2002, webpages.fc.ul.pt/~pjns/Soft/ABOestimator
Hart, D.L.(1989).Mendelian populations. In: Principles of population genetics.Sunderland, Massachusets: Sinauer Associates Inc. pp:71-140.
Wagner, F.F.;Kasulke, D.;Kerowgan, M. and Flegel, W.A.(1995). Frequencies of the Blood Groups ABO, Rhesus, D Category VI, Kell, and of Clinically Relevant HighFrequency Antigens in South-Western Germany. Transfus. Med. Hemother., 22(5): 285–290. Abstr.
Al-Bustan, S.; El-Zawahri, M.; Al-Azmi, D. and Al-Bashir, A.A.(2002). Allele frequencies and molecular genotyping of the ABO blood group system in a Kuwaiti population. Int. J. Hematol.,75(2):147-53.
Sarhan, M.; Saleh, K.A. and Bin-Dajem, S.M.(2009). Distribution of ABO blood groups and rheus factor in Southwest Saudi Arabia. Suadi Med. J., 30(1): 115-119.
Skaik, Y.A. and El-Zan, N.R.(2006). Spectrum of ABO and Rh(D) blood groups amongst the Palestinian students at Al-Azhar University–Gaza. Pak.J.Med.Sci., 22(3): 333-335.
Jaff, M.S.(2010). ABO and rhesus blood group distribution in Kurds. J. Blood Med., 1:143–146.
Hamed, C. T.; Bollahi, M. A.; Abdelhamid, I.;Med Mahmoud, M, A.;BA, B.; Ghaber, S. ; Habti, N.; Houmeida, A.(2012). Frequencies and ethnic distribution of ABO and Rh(D) blood groups in Mauritania: results of first nationwide study. Int. J. Immunogenet.,39(2) 151–154.
Arora,D.; Kaushik,A.; Rawat,D.S. and Mandal, A.K.(2015).ABO blood group phenotype in and around Delhi: A study from tertiary care hospital. Ann. Pathol. Lab. Med., 2(01): 26-29.
Sana Ullah and Ahmed, T. (2015). Distribution of ABO and Rh(D) Blood Groups in the Population of District Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. World Appl. Sci. J., 33(1): 123-135.
Torun, Y. A.; Kaynar, G. K.; Karakükcü, C.; Yay, M.; Kurnaz; F.; Mutlu, H.; Çetin, M. and Eser, B.(2012). ABO and Rh Blood Group Distribution in Kayseri Province, Turkey. Turk J. Hematol., 29: 97-98.
Ghobadian, Z.; Sayemiri, K.; Zeinali, M.and Sajjadi, S.M.(2014). Distribution of ABO and Rh blood groups in a major ethnic group of the West Iran, the Kurdish population. Asian J. Med. Sci., 5(3):26-29.
Nazli, R.; Haider, J. ;Khan, M.A. ;Akhtar, T. and Aslam, H.(2015).Frequency of ABO blood groups and RhD factor in the female population of District Peshawar.Pak. J. Med. Sci.,31(4):984-6.
Chishti, H. M.; Waheed, U.; Ansari, M.A.; Wazir, I. and Hussain, Z.(2012). ABO and Rhesus (D) blood group phenotypes in Mirpur, Azad Jammu Kashmir, Pakistan, 2008- 12 . J. Public Health & Biol. Sci.,1(2): 43-46.
Worlledge, S.; Ogiemudia.S.E.;Thomas, C.O.; Ikoku, B.N.and Luzzutto, L.(1974). Blood group antigens and antibodies in Nigeria. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol.,68(3):249–264.[PubMed]
Ahmed, S.G. and Obi, S.O.(1998). The incidence of ABO and Rhesus D blood group in Northern Nigeria. Niger J. Med., 7:68–70.
Aljanabi, A. A.(2005). Gene frequency of blood groups in the middle Euphrates region. J. Karbala Univ., 3(11):21-28. In Arabic
Deshpande, R. H. and Kolhe Shirish M.(2012).Distribution of Blood Groups in Blood Donors at Smt. Saraswati Karad Blood Bank, Latur. J. Med. Edu. Res., 2(2):5-11.
Sadiq, M.A.(1989). Comparative study of some genetical triates of Ninawa population with Iraq population. J. Edu. & Sci., 9 :100-112.
Mouhaus, H.A.; Abbas, S.H.; Musa, A.S. and Mahawi, H.K.(2010). A study of ABO blood group and Rhesus factor distribution among sample of Missan province population. J. Basrah Res.,36 A(5):15 -48.
Hanania, S.; Hassawi, D. and Irshaid, N.(2007). Allele Frequency and Molecular Genotypes of ABO blood System in a Jordanian Population. J.Med.Sci., 7(1):51-58.
Al-Arrayed,S.;Shome, D.K.; Hafadh, N.;Amin, S.; Al Mukhareq, H.; Al Mulla, M.; Sanad, H. and Darwish, F.A.(2001). ABO Blood Group and Rhd Phenotypes in Bahrain: Results of Screening School Children and Blood Donors. Bahrain Med Bull., 23( 3):112-15.
Kumar, P.; Maurya, S. and Rai, V.(2009). Distribution of ABO and Rh(D) Blood Groups among Koari (Backward Caste) Population of Jaunpur District. Anthropol., 11(4): 309-310.
Eweidah, M. H.; Rahiman, S.; Ali, H. and Al-Shamary, A. M. D.(2011) .Distribution of ABO and Rhesus (RhD) Blood Groups in Al-Jouf Province of the Saudi Arabia. Anthropol., 13(2): 99-102.
Taha, J.Y.(2012). Rh Antigen and Phenotype Frequency in Kalba Region, UAE. Bahrain Med. Bull.,34(1):1-5.
Khalil, I.A.; Phrykian, S. and Farr, A.D.(1989).Blood group distribution in Sudan. Gene Geogr., 3(1):7-10.
Nagariya, S.A.(2013). Allelic Frequency of ABO Blood Group typing & Rh-D factor in Muslim and Hindu caste of Amravati district (Maharashtra). Int. Res. J. Sci. & Engg., 1(3):100-102.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2017 Ashraf M. Al-Nahari
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
which allows users to copy, create extracts, abstracts, and new works from the Article, alter and revise the Article, and make commercial use of the Article (including reuse and/or resale of the Article by commercial entities), provided the user gives appropriate credit (with a link to the formal publication through the relevant DOI), provides a link to the license, indicates if changes were made and the licensor is not represented as endorsing the use made of the work.
