Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) -associated S100 proteins are modulators for the progression of bladder cancer
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36320/ajb/v11.i1.8038Keywords:
EMT, bladder cancer, hour post injection, hour post fertilizationAbstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is considered to be the tenth in the world. There is much evidence to suggest that the highly metastatic behaviour of BC may be due to the ability of its cells to undergo Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition (EMT).
The S100 family of small Ca-binding proteins are among many genes that have been found to be implicated in BC cancer progression. Activation of some members of the S100 protein family, such as S100A4 and S100A6, have been postulated to be a common mediator of the EMT process and a key driver for cancer cell migration and invasion. To our knowledge, however, there is no conclusive evidence that the presence of the S100 family is causally implicated in EMT-induced BC progression.
Downloads
References
ARUMUGAM, T., RAMACHANDRAN, V., FOURNIER, K. F., WANG, H., MARQUIS, L., ABBRUZZESE, J. L., GALLICK, G. E., LOGSDON, C. D., MCCONKEY, D. J. & CHOI, W. 2009. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition contributes to drug resistance in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Res, 69, 5820-8.
BHARDWAJ, M., SEN, S., SHARMA, A., KASHYAP, S., CHOSDOL, K., PUSHKER, N., BAJAJ, M. S. & BAKHSHI, S. 2015. ZEB2/SIP1 as novel prognostic indicator in eyelid sebaceous gland carcinoma. Hum Pathol, 46, 1437-42.
BRESNICK, A. R., WEBER, D. J. & ZIMMER, D. B. 2015. S100 proteins in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer, 15, 96-109.
CARAMEL, J., LIGIER, M. & PUISIEUX, A. 2018. Pleiotropic Roles for ZEB1 in Cancer. Cancer Res, 78, 30-35.
CHEN, X., LIU, X., LANG, H., ZHANG, S., LUO, Y. & ZHANG, J. 2015. S100 calcium-binding protein A6 promotes
epithelial-mesenchymal transition through beta-catenin in pancreatic cancer cell line. PLoS One, 10, e0121319.
HANRAHAN, K., O'NEILL, A., PRENCIPE, M., BUGLER, J., MURPHY, L., FABRE, A., PUHR, M., CULIG, Z., MURPHY, K. & WATSON, R. W. 2017. The role of epithelial-mesenchymal transition drivers ZEB1 and ZEB2 in mediating docetaxel-resistant prostate cancer. Mol Oncol, 11, 251-265.
HUA, T., LIU, S., XIN, X., CAI, L., SHI, R., CHI, S., FENG, D. & WANG, H. 2016. S100A4 promotes endometrial cancer progress through epithelial-mesenchymal transition regulation. Oncol Rep, 35, 3419-26.
JEMAL, A., SIEGEL, R., WARD, E., HAO, Y., XU, J. & THUN, M. J. 2009. Cancer statistics, 2009. CA Cancer J Clin, 59, 225-49.
JIAN, L., ZHIHONG, W., LIUXING, W. & QINGXIA, F. 2015. [Role of S100A4 in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its molecular mechanism]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi, 37, 258-65.
LI, J., WANG, X. H., LI, Z. Y., BU, Z. D., WU, A. W., ZHANG, L. H., WU, X. J., ZONG, X. L. & JI, J. F. 2013. [Regulation mechanism study of S100A6 on invasion and metastasis in gastric cancer]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi, 16, 1096-101.
LI, Z., TANG, M., LING, B., LIU, S., ZHENG, Y., NIE, C., YUAN, Z., ZHOU, L., GUO, G., TONG, A. & WEI, Y. 2014. Increased expression of S100A6 promotes cell proliferation and migration in human hepatocellular carcinoma. J Mol Med (Berl), 92, 291-303.
LIU, Y., HAN, X. & GAO, B. 2015. Knockdown of S100A11 expression suppresses ovarian cancer cell growth and invasion. Exp Ther Med, 9, 1460-1464.
MARENHOLZ, I., HEIZMANN, C. W. & FRITZ, G. 2004. S100 proteins in mouse and man: from evolution to function and pathology (including an update of the nomenclature). Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 322, 1111-22.
MCCONKEY, D. J., CHOI, W., MARQUIS, L., MARTIN, F., WILLIAMS, M. B., SHAH, J., SVATEK, R., DAS, A., ADAM, L., KAMAT, A., SIEFKER-RADTKE, A. & DINNEY, C. 2009. Role of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in drug sensitivity and metastasis in bladder cancer. Cancer Metastasis Rev, 28, 335-44.
NASSER, M. W., WANI, N. A., AHIRWAR, D. K., POWELL, C. A., RAVI, J., ELBAZ, M., ZHAO, H., PADILLA, L., ZHANG, X., SHILO, K., OSTROWSKI, M., SHAPIRO, C., CARSON, W. E., 3RD & GANJU, R. K. 2015. RAGE mediates S100A7-induced breast cancer growth and metastasis by modulating the tumor microenvironment. Cancer Res, 75, 974-85.
ORR, B., RIDDICK, A. C., STEWART, G. D., ANDERSON, R. A., FRANCO, O. E., HAYWARD, S. W. & THOMSON, A. A. 2012. Identification of stromally expressed molecules in the prostate by tag-profiling of cancer-associated fibroblasts, normal fibroblasts and fetal prostate. Oncogene, 31, 1130-42.
OUYANG, G., WANG, Z., FANG, X., LIU, J. & YANG, C. J. 2010. Molecular signaling of the epithelial to mesenchymal transition in generating and maintaining cancer stem cells. Cell Mol Life Sci, 67, 2605-18.
PADILLA, L., DAKHEL, S., ADAN, J., MASA, M., MARTINEZ, J. M., ROQUE, L., COLL, T., HERVAS, R., CALVIS, C., LLINAS, L., BUENESTADO, S., CASTELLSAGUE, J., MESSEGUER, R., MITJANS, F. & HERNANDEZ, J. L. 2017. S100A7: from mechanism to cancer therapy. Oncogene, 36, 6749-6761.
SAKATA, J., UTSUMI, F., SUZUKI, S., NIIMI, K., YAMAMOTO, E., SHIBATA, K., SENGA, T., KIKKAWA, F. & KAJIYAMA, H. 2017. Inhibition of ZEB1 leads to inversion of metastatic characteristics and restoration of paclitaxel sensitivity of chronic chemoresistant ovarian carcinoma cells. Oncotarget, 8, 99482-99494.
SMIT, M. A. & PEEPER, D. S. 2010. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition and senescence: two cancer-related processes are crossing paths. Aging (Albany NY), 2, 735-41.
TAHERI, M., OMRANI, M. D. & GHAFOURI-FARD, S. 2017. Long non-coding RNA expression in bladder cancer. Biophys Rev.
TANAKA, M., ICHIKAWA-TOMIKAWA, N., SHISHITO, N., NISHIURA, K., MIURA, T., HOZUMI, A., CHIBA, H., YOSHIDA, S., OHTAKE, T. & SUGINO, T. 2015. Co-expression of S100A14 and S100A16 correlates with a poor prognosis in human breast cancer and promotes cancer cell invasion. BMC Cancer, 15, 53.
TENG, Y. & LI, X. 2014. The roles of HLH transcription factors in epithelial mesenchymal transition and multiple molecular mechanisms. Clin Exp Metastasis, 31, 367-77.
WANG, T., LIANG, Y., THAKUR, A., ZHANG, S., LIU, F., KHAN, H., SHI, P., WANG, N., CHEN, M. & REN, H. 2017. Expression and clinicopathological significance of S100 calcium binding protein A2 in lung cancer patients of Chinese Han ethnicity. Clin Chim Acta, 464, 118-122.
WU, T. S., TAN, C. T., CHANG, C. C., LIN, B. R., LAI, W. T., CHEN, S. T., YEN-PING KUO, M., RAU, C. L., JAW, F. S. & CHANG, H. H. 2017. B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 10 promotes oral cancer progression through STAT1/ATF4/S100P signaling pathway. Oncogene, 36, 5440.
XU, H., LI, M., ZHOU, Y., WANG, F., LI, X., WANG, L. & FAN, Q. 2016. S100A4 participates in epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer via targeting MMP2. Tumour Biol, 37, 2925-32.
YAN, W., CHEN, J., CHEN, Z. & CHEN, H. 2016. Deregulated miR-296/S100A4 axis promotes tumor invasion by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human ovarian cancer. Am J Cancer Res, 6, 260-9.
YAO, R., DAVIDSON, D. D., LOPEZ-BELTRAN, A., MACLENNAN, G. T., MONTIRONI, R. & CHENG, L. 2007a. The S100 proteins for screening and prognostic grading of bladder cancer. Histol Histopathol, 22, 1025-32.
YAO, R., LOPEZ-BELTRAN, A., MACLENNAN, G. T., MONTIRONI, R., EBLE, J. N. & CHENG, L. 2007b. Expression of S100 protein family members in the pathogenesis of bladder tumors. Anticancer Res, 27, 3051-8.
YUAN, T. M., LIANG, R. Y., HSIAO, N. W. & CHUANG, S. M. 2014. The S100A4 D10V polymorphism is related to cell migration ability but not drug resistance in gastric cancer cells. Oncol Rep, 32, 2307-18.
YUN, S. J. & KIM, W. J. 2013. Role of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in bladder cancer: from prognosis to therapeutic target. Korean J Urol, 54, 645-50.
ZHAI, X., ZHU, H., WANG, W., ZHANG, S., ZHANG, Y. & MAO, G. 2014. Abnormal expression of EMT-related proteins, S100A4, vimentin and E-cadherin, is correlated with clinicopathological features and prognosis in HCC. Med Oncol, 31, 970.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2019 Qais AL Ismaeel
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
which allows users to copy, create extracts, abstracts, and new works from the Article, alter and revise the Article, and make commercial use of the Article (including reuse and/or resale of the Article by commercial entities), provided the user gives appropriate credit (with a link to the formal publication through the relevant DOI), provides a link to the license, indicates if changes were made and the licensor is not represented as endorsing the use made of the work.
