The Detection of BK Virus by Quantitative PCR of Plasma as Screening Test to Identify Renal Transplant Recipients at Risk of BK Virus Nephropathy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36320/ajb/v10.i1.8196Keywords:
BK virus , renal transplantation , viremia, BKVNAbstract
Background: BK virus infection and nephritis are increasing problems in renal transplant recipients (RTRs). Increasing prevalence of this infection and nephritis have been correlated with newer immunosuppressive agent in recent years. Routine post-transplant screening for BK viremia prior to the occurrence of nephritis and the reduction in immunosuppressive therapy for subjects with BKV infection appear to be attractive objectives.
Objectives: This study performed to screening for BK virus in blood to identify RTRs at risk of development BKV associated nephritis (BKVN) .
Downloads
References
Barri, YM., Ahmad, I.;Ketel, BL.; et al., (2010): Polyoma viral infection in renal transplantation: the role of immunosuppressive therapy. Clinical Transplant .15:240–246.
Meehan, S., Josephson, M. A., Gillen, D., Javaid, B., Kadambi, P., Foster, P., Harland, R., Thistlethwaite, R. J., Garfinkel, M., Atwood, W., Jordan, J., Sadhu, M., Millis, M. J., and Williams, J. (2006): Treatment of renal allograft polyoma BK virus infection with leflunomide. Transplantation. 81: 704–710.
Haririan, A., and Klassen, D. K. (2012): BK virus infection after non-renal transplant. Graft. 5: 58–64.
Wang,Y.T., Von Zychlinski, A., McCormick,S.P., (2009) : Dimyristoyl phosphotidylcholine induces conformational changes in apo B that lowers lipoprotein. J Lipid Res .50:846 – 853.
Hussain, S., Bresnahan, B. A., Cohen, E. P., and Hariharan, S. (2012): Rapid kidney allograft failure in patients with polyoma virus nephritis with prior treatment with anti-lymphocyte agents. Clin Transplant. 16: 43–47.
Brennan, D. C., Agha, I., Schnitzler, M. A. et al.,(2010) : Incidence of BK with tacrolimus versus cyclosporine and impact of preemptive immunosuppression reduction. Am J Transplant. 5: 582–594.
Pinto Peter, Christopher Hewison, Ramyasuda Swaminathan, et al., (2016): BMC .Infectious Diseases. 16:342.
Hirsch, H. H., Brennan, D. C., Drachenberg, C. B., Ginevri, F., Gordon, J., Limaye, A. P. et al.,(2005): Polyomavirus-associated nephropathy in renal transplantation: interdisciplinary analyses and recommendations. Transplantation. 27: 1277 - 1286 .
Hirsch, H. H., Knowles, W., Dickenmann, M. et al., (2010) : Prospective study of polyomavirus type BK replication and nephropathy in renal-transplant recipients. N Engl J Medical. 347: 488–496.
Randhawa, P., Kant, J., Shapiro, R. et al., (2011): Impact of genomic sequence variability on quantitative PCR assays for diagnosis of polyomavirus BK infection. J Clinical Microbiology. 49: 4072–4076.
Muñoz, P., Fogeda, M., Bouza, E., Verde, E., Palomo, J., and Bañares, R. (2005): Prevalence of BK virus replication among recipients of solid organ transplants. Clin Infect Dis. 41: 1720-1725.
Randhawa P, Ho A, Shapiro R, Vats A, Swalsky P, Finkelstein S, et al., (2011): Correlates of quantitative measurement of BK polyomavirus (BKV) DNA with clinical course of BKV infection in renal transplant patients. J Clinical Microbiol .42 :1176-11780.
Montagner, J., Michelon, T., Fontanelle, B., Oliveira, A., Silveira, J., Schroeder, R., Neumann, J., Keitel, E., and Alexandre, C. O. (2010): BKV-infection in kidney graft dysfunction. Braz J Infect Dis. 14: 170–174.
Hirsch, H. H. (2007): BK Virus: Opportunity Makes a Pathogen. Clinical Infection Disease. 41: 354-360.
Randhawa, P. S. and Demetris, A. J. (2011): Nephropathy due to polyomavirus type BK. N Engl J Med. 342: 1361-1363.
Brennan, D. C., Agha, I., Schnitzler, M. A. et al.,(2010) : Incidence of BK with tacrolimus versus cyclosporine and impact of preemptive immunosuppression reduction. Am J Transplant. 5: 582–594.
Dall Aaron and Hariharan Sundaram (2007): Clin J Am Soc Nephrol . 3: 68–75.
Boan Peter, Christopher Hewison, Ramyasuda Swaminathan, et al., (2016): BMC .Infectious Diseases. 16:342.
Khamash, H. A., Wadei, H. M., Mahale, A. S., Larson, T. S., Stegall, M. D., Cosio, F. G., and Griffin, M. D. (2007): Polyomavirus-associated nephropathy risk in kidney transplants: The influence of recipient age and donor gender. Kidney Int. 71: 1302–1309.
Dorshkind K, Montecino-Rodriguez E, and Signer RA.(2009): The ageing immune system: is it ever too old to become young again, Nat Rev Immunol. 9:57-62.
Rocha, P. N., Plumb, T. J., Miller, S. E., Howell, D. N., and Smith, S. R. (2004): Risk factors for BK polyomavirus nephritis in renal allograft recipients. Clin Transplant. 18: 456–462.
McCartney G., Mahmood L., Leyland A.H., Batty G.D., and Hunt K (2011): Contribution of smoking-related and alcohol-related deaths to the gender gap in mortality evidence from 30 European countries. Tob. Control. 20: 166–168.
Fish E. N. (2008): The X-files in immunity, sex-based differences predispose immune responses. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 8:737–744.
Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Transplant Work Group. ( 2009): KDIGO clinical practice guideline for the care of kidney transplant. Am J Transplant. 9: 1–155.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2018 Ahmed Maki N. Al-Muaala, Raad A. Al-Asaady, Sabah N. Al-Fatlawi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
which allows users to copy, create extracts, abstracts, and new works from the Article, alter and revise the Article, and make commercial use of the Article (including reuse and/or resale of the Article by commercial entities), provided the user gives appropriate credit (with a link to the formal publication through the relevant DOI), provides a link to the license, indicates if changes were made and the licensor is not represented as endorsing the use made of the work.
