The relationship of gingival inflammation and salivary pH to hormonal variation during menstruation.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36320/ajb/v12.i3.11795Keywords:
gingival inflammation, salivary, menstruation, hormonal variationAbstract
The normal female life cycle is associated with a number of hormonal milestones: menarche, pregnancy, contraceptive use, menopause, and the use of replacement sex hormones. The menstrual cycle is the result of a carefully orchestrated sequence of interactions among the hypothalamus, pituitary, ovary glands, and endometrium, with the sex hormones acting as modulators and effectors at each level. Gingivitis is Inflammation of the gingiva as a response to bacterial plaque on adjacent teeth; characterized by erythema, edema, and fibrous enlargement of the gingiva without resorption of the underlying alveolar bone. The gingiva is a target tissue for the actions of steroid hormones, clinical changes in the tissues of the periodontium have been identified during periods of hormonal fluctuation’ Women have lower flow rates and seem to have more variation in salivary pH than men. Hormonal fluctuations during events like puberty, menstruation, pregnancy and menopause could explain those differences.
the aim of this study is to find the relationship between plaque accumulation, gingival inflammation, and salivary pH with the female hormone level during menstruation. The study includes 25 volunteer young female with regular menstrual cycle, all the volunteers underwent periodontal examination by record plaque index (PLI) and gingival index (Gl) and measurement of salivary pH in the 2nd day of menstrual cycle (first reading) and in the 201' day of menstruation (second reading) then we analyze the differences among the two readings.
Results of this study revealed that the plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation increase significantly with increasing level of female hormones and decrease when these hormones decline. As well as the salivary pH decrease slightly during increase level of female hormones and the saliva become more alkaline when the level of hormones decreased.
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