Molecular Detection of Carbapenem's Genes Among (Pseudomonas Areuginosa) Isolates
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36320/ajb/v15.i2.12173Keywords:
Antibiotic susceptibility, Bacterial infections, Carbapenemase genes, Molecular detection, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Resistance mechanismsAbstract
The antibiotic susceptibility of 125 P. aeruginosa isolated from 215 clinical samples (blood, urine, wound swab samples, sputum, and cerebrospinal fluid) was determined using the disk diffusion method on the Muller-Hinton agar medium. The results showed that the isolates had a high resistance rate to carbenicillin (83.2%) and piperacillin (76%). Resistance to imipenem and meropenem were 7.4% and 14.8%, respectively, while the highest resistance was found against gentamicin (77.9%) and amikacin (75.2%). The modified Hodge test was used to identify carbapenem-resistant isolates, which detects the probability of isolates being able to produce carbapenemases enzyme and out of the isolates, 11 (33.3%) were Hodge positive. The imipenem-meropenem-EDTA disk synergy test showed that only 17 isolates (51.5%) were positive. The carbapenemase genes were detected using PCR technology, and the most prevalent genes were MBL genes, which were carried by 17/33 (51%) of the isolates. The blaIMP gene (578 bp) was the most frequently detected MBL gene, being present in 15 (45.5%) of the carbapenem-resistant isolates. Among the isolates, 11 (33.3%) carried the blaIMP-type gene alone, while 2 (6.06%) carried it with the blaVIM-type gene and another 2 (6.06%) carried it with the blaNDM-type gene. Moreover, 2 (6.06%) isolates carried the blaVIM-type gene. However, results revealed that blaIMP-type genes were the most common MBL gene combination among the isolates. Moreover, 4 (12.1%) isolates carried a blaIMP -type gene.
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