The Effect Of Sodium Fluoride at Different concentration On Some Organs ( The Liver, Spleen And female Reproductive System ) Of Newhampshire Hens. Gross – Pathological Study.

Abstract

Fifteen newhampshire hens at nine month old used to determine    the effect of different levels of sodium fluoride (150 PPM , 300PPM). The period of experiment reached two months. The first group administrated (150PPM) sodium fluoride with ration / daily, while the second treated group, administrated (300PPM) sodium fluoride      with ration / daily. Each treated groups revealed a variety of relative pathological changes which characterized in the first treated grou  by mild pathological changes in the spleen, liver, ovaries and ovi-duct. Which involvement enlargement of these organ. While morphological and pathological changes which occurs in second treated group these pathological alterations which included, sever enlargement of     liver and spleen, the liver was pale-yellowish in appearance and ecteric , paeticael haemorrhage was distributed on the lower surfaces of right     and left lobes. Also, the spleen was enlarged, congested and dark – reddish in the colour. The ovaries in second treated group were appeared congestion in the ovarian follicles. And some of ovarian follicles was atrophied, interstitial oedema was found among ovarian follicles and fibrosis occur in the infundibulum    and magnum led to retention of eggs