Study of the clinical and demographic characteristics of Vitiligo patients in Najaf Governorate
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36320/ajb/v17.i2.19305Keywords:
Vitiligo, Generalized, family history, Acrofacial, Facial.Abstract
Abstract:Vitiligo is a chronic autoimmune disease that causes parts of the skin to lose their pigments. Due to the increasing incidence of the disease, especially among adolescents, the aim was to study the demographic and clinical characteristic of vitiligo patientsin Najaf province.
Methods:This research included 63 vitiligo patients from the Department of Dermatology at AL-Najaf AL-Ashraf Teaching Hospital and AL-Sader Medical City, as well as 25 healthy controls of the same age and sex.Each patient group was further subdivided based on age, gender, age of illness beginning, type, severity of vitiligo disease, and family history. The physicians used Wood's lamp to identify patients according on their symptoms and clinical history.
Results: Vitiligo patients had an average age of 26.68±15.39 years, according to the data. In comparison to other age groups, the percentage of vitiligo patients was greatest in the 16–30 age bracket (36.5%), followed by the under–15 age bracket (30.2%). Males accounted for 57.1% of vitiligo cases, while females accounted for 42.9%. Generalized vitiligo accounts for the highest proportion of patients (63.5%), followed by facial vitiligo (15.9%), acrofacial (11.1%), and focal (9.5%). The majority of patients (54.0%) had the condition start while they were under 15 years old, followed by those between 16 and 30 years old (23.8%), followed by those between 31 and 45 years old (12.7%) and those beyond 46 years old (9.5%). Regarding vitiligo's family history, 41.3% of patients had a family history, whilst 58.7% of patients had none.
Conclusion:The majority of vitiligo patients are children and adolescents, and the majority do not have a family history.
Downloads
References
[1] L. Huang, W. Sun, Z. Ye, Y. Liu, K. He, and S. Li, “Changes in epidermal thickness and their correlation with clinical characteristics in patients with vitiligo,” Arch. Dermatol. Res., vol. 316, no. 8, pp. 1–5, 2024, doi: 10.1007/s00403-024-03265-w.
[2] A. Alikhan, L. M. Felsten, M. Daly, and V. Petronic-Rosic, “Vitiligo: a comprehensive overview: part I. Introduction, epidemiology, quality of life, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, associations, histopathology, etiology, and work-up,” J. Am. Acad. Dermatol., vol. 65, no. 3, pp. 473–491, 2011.
[3] V. K. Mahajan, S. Vashist, P. S. Chauhan, K. I. S. Mehta, V. Sharma, and A. Sharma, “Clinico-epidemiological profile of patients with vitiligo: a retrospective study from a tertiary care center of North India,” Indian Dermatol. Online J., vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 38–44, 2019.
[4] K. Ezzedine et al., “Revised classification/nomenclature of vitiligo and related issues: the Vitiligo Global Issues Consensus Conference,” Pigment Cell Melanoma Res., vol. 25, no. 3, pp. E1–E13, 2012.
[5] B. Liu, Y. Xie, and Z. Wu, “Identification of candidate genes and pathways in nonsegmental vitiligo using integrated bioinformatics methods,” Dermatology, vol. 237, no. 3, pp. 464–472, 2021.
[6] A. Frączek, A. Owczarczyk-Saczonek, and W. Placek, “The role of TRM cells in the pathogenesis of vitiligo—a review of the current state-of-the-art,” Int. J. Mol. Sci., vol. 21, no. 10, p. 3552, 2020.
[7] A. Nagarajan, M. K. Masthan, L. S. Sankar, A. B. Narayanasamy, and R. Elumalai, “Oral manifestations of vitiligo,” Indian J. Dermatol., vol. 60, no. 1, p. 103, 2015.
[8] P. E. Grimes, “Vitiligo: pathogenesis, clinical features, and diagnosis,” En Tsao H (editor). UpToDate, 2016.
[9] A. F. Alexis, “Vitiligo : Pathogenesis , clinical features , and diagnosis,” 2022..
[10] R. Speeckaert, S. Voet, E. Hoste, and N. van Geel, “S100B is a potential disease activity marker in nonsegmental vitiligo,” J. Invest. Dermatol., vol. 137, no. 7, pp. 1445–1453, 2017.
[11] J. M. Bae, Y. S. Jung, H. M. Jung, J. H. Park, and S. Hann, “Classification of facial vitiligo: A cluster analysis of 473 patients,” Pigment Cell Melanoma Res., vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 585–591, 2018.
[12] X. X. Wang et al., “Increased expression of CXCR3 and its ligands in patients with vitiligo and CXCL10 as a potential clinical marker for vitiligo,” Br. J. Dermatol., vol. 174, no. 6, pp. 1318–1326, 2016.
[13] H. Shah, A. Mehta, and B. Astik, “Clinical and sociodemographic study of vitiligo,” Indian J. Dermatol. Venereol. Leprol., vol. 74, no. 6, p. 701, 2008, doi: 10.4103/0378-6323.45144.
[14] R. V Koranne, V. N. Sehpgal, and K. G. Sachdeva, “Clinical profile of vitiligo in North India,” Indian J. Dermatol. Venereol. Leprol., vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 81–82, 1986.
[15] S. Handa and I. Kaur, “Vitiligo: clinical findings in 1436 patients,” J. Dermatol., vol. 26, no. 10, pp. 653–657, 1999.
[16] R. C. Sarin and S. K. Ajit, “A clinical study of vitiligo,” Indian J. Dermatol. Venereol. Leprol., vol. 43, p. 311, 1977.
[17] S. Patil, M. Gautam, N. Nadkarni, N. Saboo, K. Godse, and M. S. Setia, “Gender Differences in Clinicoepidemiological Features of Vitiligo: A Cross-Sectional Analysis,” ISRN Dermatol., vol. 2014, no. 1, pp. 1–6, 2014, doi: 10.1155/2014/186197.
[18] S. Batool, L. M. Malik, and M. Jahangir, “Efficacy of narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy with needling in patients of vitiligo,” J. Pakistan Assoc. Dermatologists, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 177–181, 2015.
[19] J. P. Ortonne, “Pigmentary disorders. Vitiligo and other disorders of hypopigmentation,” Dermotology, 2nd edn. Mosby, New York, pp. 947–974, 2003.
[20] Ö. Arýcan, K. Koç, and L. Ersoy, “Clinical characterislics in 113 Turkish vitiligo patients,” Acta Dermatovenerologica Alpina, Pannonica Adriat., vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 129–132, 2008.
[21] J. Akrem, A. Baroudi, T. Aichi, F. Houch, and M. H. Hamdaoui, “Profile of vitiligo in the south of Tunisia,” Int. J. Dermatol., vol. 47, no. 7, pp. 670–674, 2008.
[22] S. Berti, S. Bellandi, A. Bertelli, R. Colucci, T. Lotti, and S. Moretti, “Vitiligo in an Italian outpatient center: a clinical and serologic study of 204 patients in Tuscany,” Am. J. Clin. Dermatol., vol. 12, pp. 43–49, 2011.
[23] H. Shah, A. Mehta, and B. Astik, “Clinical and sociodemographic study of vitiligo,” Indian J. Dermatol. Venereol. Leprol., vol. 74, p. 701, 2008.
[24] J. Liu et al., “Clinical profiles of vitiligo in China: an analysis of 3742 patients,” Clin. Exp. Dermatol., vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 327–331, 2005.
[25] C. Bergqvist and K. Ezzedine, “Vitiligo: A Review,” Dermatology, vol. 236, no. 6, pp. 571–592, 2020, doi: 10.1159/000506103.
[26] A. K. Rzepecki, B. N. McLellan, and N. Elbuluk, “Beyond Traditional Treatment: The Importance of Psychosocial Therapy in Vitiligo.,” J. drugs dermatology JDD, vol. 17, no. 6, pp. 688–691, 2018.
[27] R. Shah, J. Hunt, T. L. Webb, and A. R. Thompson, “Starting to develop self‐help for social anxiety associated with vitiligo: using clinical significance to measure the potential effectiveness of enhanced psychological self‐help,” Br. J. Dermatol., vol. 171, no. 2, pp. 332–337, 2014.
[28] L. Papadopoulos, R. Bor, and C. Legg, “Coping with the disfiguring effects of vitiligo: a preliminary investigation into the effects of cognitive‐behavioural therapy,” Br. J. Med. Psychol., vol. 72, no. 3, pp. 385–396, 1999.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Suaas M J Al-Hadrawi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
which allows users to copy, create extracts, abstracts, and new works from the Article, alter and revise the Article, and make commercial use of the Article (including reuse and/or resale of the Article by commercial entities), provided the user gives appropriate credit (with a link to the formal publication through the relevant DOI), provides a link to the license, indicates if changes were made and the licensor is not represented as endorsing the use made of the work.
