Theoretical Calculations of the Diffusion and Friction Coefficients for Neutral Atoms that Moving in a Laser Field

Abstract

This research aimed to study the friction and diffusion  coefficients of neutral atoms that moving and interact with a laser field .The Mathcad 14 program used to calculate the results. The theoretical model was solved and shown  the effect of different optical parameters on the diffusion and friction of neutral atoms .The different values of ellipticity (Ɛ) were used  to find the friction and diffusion coefficients ,for each value of ellipticity  we found that the relationship between the natural width of excited level( γ) and the difference(δ)  between the frequency of laser field(ω) and the atomic resonance (ω₀ ) has strong effect on the friction coefficient of atoms .The effect of Rabi frequency (Ω ) on  the diffusion coefficient has been investigated .In this research the results showed that each of the parameters δ and Ω has effect on the diffusion of atom and the Rabi frequency has more influence. The dependence of  the friction and diffusion coefficients on the natural width of the excited level was studied. The measuring of  the friction and diffusion  coefficients of atom very important to control the movement and then localize  it, this have many  applications in physics fields.