Geopolitics from the classical to the post-modern, the change in approach and concept

Abstract

The research aims to identify the changes that occurred in the concept and methods of research in geopolitics, as it is a branch of geography that is characterized by dynamism. Therefore, the classical stage briefly dealt with the most important research methods in it. In the second section, I touched on the modern approaches, in which geopolitics became more complex because it followed a multidisciplinary approach that converged on geography and economics. Demography, technology, and the postmodern phase that emerged after 1990. Geographers developed a new approach to geopolitics.