The relationship of tribal sheikhs with the Ottoman Empire until the end of the nineteenth century

Abstract

The Iraqi society during the Ottoman era and what followed it was characterized by its clan nature, in which the role of sheikhs emerged as a social interface with a prominent position, as they are the ones who direct social relations, whether with the state or with other clans. Therefore, studying the relationship between the sheikhs and the Ottoman state was the goal of this research, which revolves around two axes The nature of the sheikh’s position and the way he reached the clan leadership, and the second deals with the nature of the relationship with the Ottoman Empire and the developments of that relationship.