Alternative Treatment of Bacterial Wound Infections

Authors

  • Zahraa Yosif Motaweq Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq
  • Mohauman Mohammad Majeed Al Rufaie Department of chemistry , Faculty of Science, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36320/ajb/v14.i2.11710

Keywords:

Wound Infections, antibiotic treatment, antimicrobial, treatment

Abstract

      Topical and systemic antibiotic treatment are essential in the prevention and treatment of wound infections. Systemic antibiotics, on the other hand, are strongly linked to mechanisms of resistance, which jeopardize the treatment process. The direction of systemic antibiotics to the eschar becomes less reliable the deeper the burn and the thicker the eschar becomes for local wound care . As a result, topical antibiotics appear as a viable treatment option, as they help to maintain a “high and sustained concentration of the antimicrobial at the infection site.

          Every year, wound treatment develops a high urgent clinical problem, as The requirement for wound care has an influence on a significant percentage of the global population. The system of healthcare in the United States spends $20 million a year on wounds . An Incisional, acute, and chronic wounds are all examples of wounds that can become infected and lead to more complications.                                

           Incisional wounds and deep lacerations are often troublesome, and they account for a significant portion of the annual cost of wound healing products. While Wounds from incisions heal more quickly than chronic wounds, they always have challenges with appropriate closure as well as the formation of granulation tissue, which might lower one's quality of life. Wounds from incisions are also susceptible to infection, necessitating further care. Antiseptics, antibiotics, as well as silver dressings have traditionally is always used to treat wounds, however each of these therapies is ineffective against a wide range of microorganisms often present in wounds.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Assis, O.B.G., Britto, D., 2008. Formed-in-place polyelectrolyte complex membranes for atrazine recovery from aqueous media. J. Polym. Environ. 16, 192–197. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-008-0101-z

Britto, D., Assis, O.B.G., 2007a. Synthesis and mechanical properties of quaternary salts of chitosan-based films for food application. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 41,198–203. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2007.02.005

Britto, D., Assis, O.B.G., 2007b. A novel method for obtaining quaternary salt of chitosan. Carbohydr. Polym. 69, 305–310. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2006.10.007

Britto, D., Campana-Filho, S.P., Assis, O.B.G., (2005). Mechanical properties of N,N,N-trimethylchitosan chloride films. Polímeros 5, 129–132. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-14282005000200016

Chang, S.H.; Lin, H.T.V.; Wu, G.J.; Tsai, G.J (2015). pH Effects on solubility, zeta potential, and correlation between antibacterial activity and molecular weight of chitosan. Carbohydr. Polym., 134, 74–81. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.07.072

Goy, R.C.; de Britto, D.; Assis, O.B.G (2009). A review of the antimicrobial activity of chitosan. Polim.-Cienc. E Tecnol., 19, 241–247. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-14282009000300013

Kamoun EA, Chen X, Mohy Eldin MS, Kenawy ES (2015) . Cross linked poly (vinyl alcohol) hydrogels for wound dressing applications: A review of remarkably blended polymers. Arab J Chem;8 (1):1–14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2014.07.005

Kurita, K., (2006). Chitin and chitosan: functional biopolymers from marine crus-taceans. Mar. Biotechnol. 89, 2203–2226.

Li, J.H.;Wu, Y.G.; Zhao, L.Q (2016) . Antibacterial activity and mechanism of chitosan with ultra high molecular weight. Carbohydr. Polym., 148, 200–205. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.04.025

Naira, L. S, & Laurencin, C. T. (2007). Biodegradable polymers as biomaterials. Prog‐ress in Polymer Science. 32, 762-798. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2007.05.017

Rout, S.K. (2001). Physicochemical, Functional,and Spectroscopic Analysis of Crawfish Chitin and Chitosan as Affected by Process Modification. Ph.D. Dissertation, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.

Sahariah, P.; Oskarsson, B.M.; Hjalmarsdottir, M.A.; Masson, M (2015). Synthesis of guanidinylated chitosan with the aid of multiple protecting groups and investigation of antibacterial activity. Carbohydr. Polym., 127, 407–417. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.03.061

Watkins, R.R.; Bonomo, R.A (2016). Overview: Global and local impact of antibiotic resistance. Infect. Dis. Clin. N. Am., 30, 313–322. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idc.2016.02.001

Younes, I.; Sellimi, S.; Rinaudo, M.; Jellouli, K.; Nasri, M (2014). Influence of acetylation degree and molecular weight of homogeneous chitosans on antibacterial and antifungal activities. Int. J. Food Microbiol., 185,. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.04.029

Calvo, P., Remuñán‐López, C., Vila‐Jato, J.L. & Alonso, M.J. (1997). Novel hydrophilic chitosan‐polyethylene oxide nanoparticles as protein carriers. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 63: 125-132. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4628(19970103)63:1<125::AID-APP13>3.0.CO;2-4

Cowling, T. and Jones, S (2017). Rapid Response Report: Summary with Critical Appraisal. In Topical Antibiotics for Infected Wounds: A Review of the Clinical E_ectiveness and Guidelines, CADTH Rapid Response Reports;Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health: Ottawa, ON, Canada, p. 20.

Hosseinnejad M, Jafari SM (2016). Evaluation of different factors affecting antimicrobial properties of chitosan. Int J Biol Macromol 85:467–475. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.01.022

Jackson, K.D.; Starkey, M.and Kremer,S.(2004). Identification of psl, a Locus Encoding a Potential Exopolysaccharide that is Essential for Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 Biofilm Formation. Am. Soc. Microbiol. 186: 4466-4475. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1128/JB.186.14.4466-4475.2004

Ji, Q.X., Chen, X.G., Zhao, Q.S., Liu, C.S., Cheng, X.J., Wang, L.C., (2009). Injectable thermo-sensitive hydrogel based on chitosan and quaternized chitosan and the biomedical properties. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med. 20, 1603–1610. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-009-3729-x

Jia, Z., Shen, D., Xu, W., (2001). Synthesis and antibacterial activities of quaternary ammonium salt of chitosan. Carbohydr. Res. 333, 1–6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6215(01)00112-4

Noronha, C.; Almeida, A (2000). Local Burn Treatment: Topical Antimicrobial Agents. Ann. Burns Fire Disasters, 13, 216–219.

Ojagh, S.M., Rezaei, M., Razavi, S.H. & Hosseini, S.M.H. (2010). Effect of chitosan coatings enriched with cinnamon oil on the quality of refrigerated rainbow trout. Food Chemistry, 120(1): 193-198. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.10.006

Parke, J. L., and Gurian-Sherman, D. (2001). Diversity of the Burkholderia cepacia complex and implications for risk assessment of biological control strains. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 39, 225–258. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.phyto.39.1.225

Perinelli DR, Fagioli L, Campana R, Lam JKW, Baffone W, Palmieri GF, Casettari L, Bonacucina G (2018). Chitosan-based nano systems and their exploited antimicrobial activity. Eur J Pharm Sci 117:8–20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejps.2018.01.046

Rabea, E.I., Badawy, M.E., Stevens, C.V., Smagghe, G. and Steurbaut, W. (2003). Chitosan as antimicrobial agent: applications and mode of action. Biomacromolecules, 4(6): 1457-65. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/bm034130m

Ratner, Buddy D., Hoffman, Alan S., Schoen, Frederick J., Lemons, Jack E(2004). Biomaterials Science: An Introduction to Materials in Medicine. Chapter 4: Inflammation, Wound Healing and the Foreign Body Response. NY: Elsevier, Inc.

Razdan, A. & Pettersson, D. (1994). Effect of chitin and chitosan on nutrient digestibility and plasma lipid concentrations in broiler chickens. British Journal of Nutrition, 72(2): 277-288. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN19940029

Tang, R. ; Jiang, F.; Wen, J.; Deng, Y. and Sun, Y.(2016). Managing bacterial biofilms with chitosan-based polymeric nitric oxides: inactivation of biofilm bacteria and synergistic effects with antibiotics, J. Bioact. compatible Polym. 31 (4) 393e410. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0883911515623798

Wang Y., Beekman J., Hew J., Jackson S., Issler-Fisher A.C., Parungao R., Lajevardi S.S., Li Z., Maitz P.K.M (2018). Burn injury: Challenges and advances in burn wound healing, infection, pain and scarring. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev.;123:3–17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2017.09.018

Wu, T.;Wu, C.; Fu, S.;Wang, L.; Yuan, C.; Chen, S.; Hu, Y (2017). Integration of lysozyme into chitosan nanoparticles for improving antibacterial activity. Carbohydr. Polym., 155, 192–200. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.08.076

Downloads

Published

2022-06-14

How to Cite

Motaweq, Z. Y., & Majeed Al Rufaie, M. M. (2022). Alternative Treatment of Bacterial Wound Infections. Al-Kufa University Journal for Biology, 14(2), 61–69. https://doi.org/10.36320/ajb/v14.i2.11710

Similar Articles

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.