The role of reform policies in transitioning to a sustainable development reality for the Iraqi economy

Abstract

Economic reform is a cornerstone of achieving sustainable development in rentier economies, particularly in Iraq, which remains heavily reliant on oil revenues to finance its public budgets. This research aims to analyze the role of reform policies in preparing the Iraqi economy for a transition towards sustainable development. It does so by reviewing the nature of the economic reforms adopted by the Iraqi government and their alignment with the requirements of sustainable development in its economic, social, and environmental dimensions.

The research employs a descriptive-analytical approach to examine the theoretical framework of economic reform and track the evolution of development performance indicators in Iraq. It focuses on the most significant obstacles hindering comprehensive growth, primarily weak economic diversification, high unemployment rates, declining efficiency in public spending, and widespread administrative and financial corruption.

The findings reveal that most reform policies implemented in Iraq remain partial and incomplete, lacking institutional coordination and a long-term strategic vision. Furthermore, their implementation faces structural and institutional challenges that limit their effectiveness in achieving the desired developmental transformation. The research recommended the adoption of comprehensive structural reforms based on diversifying national income sources, developing human capital, and activating governance and transparency mechanisms to ensure economic and social sustainability for future generations.