The Development of Historical Writing in the Ottoman State

Abstract

The writing of history in the Ottoman State underwent several stages and transformations in terms of style, methodology, and the diversity of works. From the first half of the 15th century, which marked the birth of Ottoman historiography with the emergence of historical writings, it continued to evolve in connection with the state, its policies, and its prosperity. It was also influenced by the Persian and Arab schools of thought, as well as the sultans’ interest in historical writing. Starting with the Persian Shahnameh style during the reign of Mohmmed Al-fatih , it later developed into an official role during the reign of Suleiman Al-Qanooni . By the early 18th century, it had transformed into an official institution under the name "Vaka-i Nuvislik" (Chronicle Writing) with the aim of documenting the continuous history of the state. In 1909, the Ottoman Historical Society replaced this institution, adopting contemporary scientific principles and standards. Parallel to this, prominent historians emerged, producing independent and rigorous works starting in the second half of the 16th century. Their writings were distinguished by a critical approach to recording events. This trend in historical writing gained momentum during the 17th and 18th centuries. The 19th century, however, marked the beginning of a new phase in Ottoman historiography. Alongside the influence of European styles, notable historians left their mark on methodological development. Additionally, the intellectual and political influences prevalent in the state at the time significantly impacted the development and direction of historical writing.