The separation of religious authority from political authority and its reflection on architecture, urban plans for city centers in ancient southern Iraq

Abstract

The ancient Iraqi city is considered one of the greatest cultural achievements of the Iraqi human mind and the most remarkable creations of architecture in the urban planning of cities throughout history, as the cultural activities are concentrated in it to generate all new ideas and inventions after the development of economic, social and religious characteristics that began to crystallize with the emergence of the ancient Iraqi city financially and morally to spread this phenomenon And they become bases for the launch of the original civilization in the development of ancient societies in Iraq and the world because it is a center of civilizational radiation throughout the ages to take the societies within them to organize their lives, preserving the wheel of civilizational development in cities by creating an organized life and placing each division within its tasks and specialization to avoid social anarchy, which is reflected in the delay of societies, so it must From the separation of authorities, including the religious authorities, from the political, so that this philosophy is reflected in the plans of urban cities and the identification of the central nucleus of the ancient Iraqi cities, to reap patterns for their plans that were characterized by certain characteristics and had a direct impact on their general forms and the way they exercise their functions that caused their emergence.