الخصائص المكانية والزمانية لقيم التبخر - نتح الممكن في العراق وأثرها على الاحتياجات المائية لمحصول زهرة الشمس

Abstract

The study examined the variability of Potential Evapotranspiration which can be calculated according to the Panamanian-Montith equation, spatially and temporally, and their effect on the water needs of the sun flower crop in Iraq. In order to determine the relationship between the evaporation values ​​and the water requirements of the sun flower crop, Calculation of Consumption and Water Demand, as well as the Water Dumpness of the Crop The study showed that the annual rate of evaporation values ​​- possible in the study area - reached an annual rate of 2000 mm. However, this rate varied spatially between parts of the study area. Generally, evaporation values As well as the impact of geographical and astronomical location, the difference in the angle of solar radiation fall, the height of the station and other factors influencing. The results of the study showed that the mean water requirement of the sun flower in the study area was about 1393 mm. These values ​​varied spatially. The northern stations recorded the lowest values ​​which reached 978 mm in the Mosul station and gradually increased in the central and southern stations. The water requirements for the sun flower crop reached 574 mm and represent 70% of the water consumption value of the crop during the growth season of 819 mm.