Analysis of Land Surface Temperature Changes and Their Relationship to Urban Heat Islands in the Cities of Al-Shamiya District Using By using modern technologies RS and GIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36327/ewjh.v1i37.23756Keywords:
residential use, changes , heat islands, land use, citiesAbstract
Heat islands are a characteristic of large cities characterized by a diversity of activities and land uses, including residential areas, green spaces, transportation, service areas, educational and cultural spaces, and commercial areas. This research addresses the phenomenon of urban heat islands, a reflection of human activities in the cities of Al-Shamiya District. Remote sensing was used to identify heat islands in the cities of Al-Shamiya District using Landsat satellite imagery. Geographic information systems (GIS) were also used to map and analyze the spatial variation of the phenomenon and its relationship to land use. The research included a spatio-temporal analysis of heat islands, as well as a spatio-temporal analysis of the characteristics of heat islands between the winter, spring, summer, and fall of the years 2009–2024 in the cities of Al-Shamiya District
This research aims to study the phenomenon of urban heat islands in the cities of Al-Shamiya District by tracking changes in land surface temperatures and their relationship to land use during the period (2009–2024). The study relied on satellite images (Landsat 5, 8, and 9), remote sensing techniques, and geographic information systems to create spatial and temporal thermal maps that illustrate the intensity of thermal variation between different seasons and link it to urban expansion and land cover .
The results showed a significant increase in surface temperature rates during the study period, ranging between 3–8.5°C. Unplanned urban expansion at the expense of agricultural land and green areas was the primary cause of the emergence of heat islands. The phenomenon also appeared to vary temporally, with its highest intensity during the summer, while its intensity decreases in the winter. The study also revealed the crucial role played by water bodies and vegetation in mitigating heat intensity, compared to built-up areas, which were characterized by a significant increase in temperature
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