Heidegger's hermeneutics and Gadamer's philosophical epistemology of meaning from the authority of the text to the ontology of experience

Abstract

The phenomenological approach was the way out of the crisis of modern European thought, in which the metaphysics of the medieval self was replaced by the metaphysics of the rational subject after the dominance of the model of natural science. Thus, the first philosophy that establishes the correct beginnings of all knowledge. If the natural sciences search for the qualitatives, then they are partial sciences because they do not search for the existence of things and do not ask about it. Based on this, Heidegger undertook the task of redefining both metaphysics and man in order to reach agreement between them (proving the metaphysical nature of man), since neither theoretical knowledge nor empirical knowledge leads to human knowledge.