Textuality and Selectivity in the Interpretation of the Verses on Jihad

A Critical Study

Abstract

This study offers a scholarly critique of the "textual and selective" approach to interpreting the verses on jihad. This approach relies on a literal and selective reading of the Holy Quran, and departs from a holistic and contextual approach to interpretation. The article highlights several central tenets of this approach, including the binary division between "the abode of Islam" and "the abode of unbelief," which produces a hostile perception of the other. It also highlights the minimalist view of human dignity, particularly through the denial of recognition of non-religious people within Islamic society. The article also focuses on "textuality," i.e., relying solely on the literal meaning of texts without considering their contexts and intentions. It demonstrates how this textuality contributes to a reductive reading of the verses on jihad, supported by the principle of abrogation, which is often used to marginalize comprehensive verses on peace and to judge combat verses in isolation from their context. It also criticizes the fragmentary interpretation that ignores the sequence and context of verses and relies on the literal meaning of narratives without scrutiny or comparison. The study's approach is a critical and analytical one, comparing the extreme readings and the contextual, purpose-based readings, seeking to uncover flaws in the former. The findings are that a selective reading produces a flawed understanding of jihad in the Qur'an, leading to the justification of violence and the exclusion of others. The article recommends adopting a balanced approach that takes into account the context of the verses, the objectives of Islamic law, and historical circumstances, in order to present an authentic Qur'anic understanding consistent with the objectives of mercy, justice, and human dignity.