The theory of fundamentalist absolutism according to Sayyid al-Khoei and its jurisprudential applications

Abstract

Submission date: 4/11/2025

Acceptance date: 24/12/2025

Publication date: 30/12/2025

The science of Usul al-Fiqh (Principles of Islamic Jurisprudence) is the fundamental pillar upon which ijtihad (independent reasoning) and istinbat (deduction) in Islamic jurisprudence depend, particularly the issue of "absoluteness and generality." Sayyid al-Khoei adopted the theory of "Usuli Usul al-Fiqh" as a fundamental tool for understanding religious texts and deriving rulings from them, relying on a precise philosophical perspective in analyzing speech and intent. The importance of this topic lies not only in its abstract theoretical nature but also in its clear impact across various areas of jurisprudence. This makes studying this theory and its applications an entry point for understanding Sayyid al-Khoei's methodology of deduction and his distinctive jurisprudential approach.

This research will provide an introduction to the status of Usul al-Fiqh and its role in deriving religious rulings, focusing on the theory of legal arguments and evidence within this science. It will highlight the centrality of "absoluteness" as one of the most important Usul al-Fiqh tools relied upon by the mujtahid (qualified jurist) in understanding religious texts (the Quran and Sunnah) and deriving rulings from them. It will also define the status of Sayyid al-Khoei (may God sanctify his soul) as one of the most prominent figures of the Shi'a Usul al-Fiqh school in the modern era, who left behind a distinctive Usul al-Fiqh methodology that continues to be studied and taught.