political record of Sakhr ibn Harb Umayyad

Abstract

The domination of the Quraysh over Mecca by Qusay ibn Kalab marks the beginning of a new era in the history of the Hejaz. The Umayyads and the Hashemites were the two main tribes of the Quraysh tribe that competed with each other before the rise of Islam and were able to take over the administration of Mecca. After the mission of the Prophet of Islam (PBUH) who was from Banu Hashim, this competition took on a religious form. Sakhr ibn Harb, also known as Abu Sufyan, as the head of the Umayyads, with the participation of other leaders and polytheistic sheiks of Mecca, created many problems for Islam. With the emigration of Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) to Medina, Abu Sufyan fought several battles with the help of other Hejaz tribes against the Islamic government. The conquest of Mecca by the Muslims led to the defeat and humiliation of the Abu Sufyan and the Umayyads and thus acceptance of Islam by them. Abu Sufyan's position as mayor of Mecca maintained his influence in the Islamic government, and consolidated the aristocratic interests of the Umayyads. During the caliphate of Uthman, Abu Sufyan was able to influence many of the caliph's policies and pave the way for the Umayyad monarchy over Islamic lands.