A study of Westernization techniques to address the content in Ghada Al-Samman's short stories according to Victor Shklovsky's theory

Abstract

The content, which is the most stable element in a story, is a building block for storytelling and a fertile resource for researchers in their literary studies. This element is the link between the narrative elements, and the meeting and participation between the source and the audience is achieved through its course through the literary work. Therefore, traditional writers believe that the best story is the one whose content has been refined. Formalists, like other writers, emphasize this, but what matters to them is how to express this element because they believe that various topics and contents such as love, death, loneliness, and the like, which have long been preferred by many poets and writers, are not welcome unless they are associated with innovation and creativity. The writer must come up with different tricks and various methods in order to remove the old and usual scent of these repetitive topics and contents. In this regard, Arab female writers, like male Arab writers, have always tried to use artistic and linguistic methods, so they dealt with these recurring contents in a new way. However, studying and analyzing ways to pay attention to this element in Ghada Al-Samman’s short stories is of great value, as it transcends the horizons of utterance and meaning with its wide imagination. The research attempted to study her short stories in this field and reached the possibility of considering Ghada Al-Samman as an unexpected event in the literature of contemporary Arab women, which combines the female perspective, artistic imagination, poetic language, and female emotion with masculine themes in many of her stories. It gives the text its poetry and gives it the ability to influence